HPV Infection And Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 16 2010, in the categories: Causes, Facts, HPV, Stages of disease, Useful info, diagnosis
This is some info about the human papilloma virus or HPV.We must understand that all women come in contact with it at least once in their lives.In rare cases the infection caused by the virus can become cancer ( malignant neoplasm ).
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Cancer of the cervix and HPV infection - Cancer of the cervix is the long-term consequence of an infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are over 100 genotypes of HPV. Fifteen of these papillomavirus, known as high risk or oncogenes are associated with the development of cancer of the cervix uteri. The transmission occurs through contact with skin and mucous membranes, most often during sex, with or without penetration. Therefore, the condom, it can limit their contact with the virus, can not provide complete protection.
HPV infection is very common and is acquired mostly in the five years following the first sexual intercourse. In most cases, infection is transient and is eliminated naturally in 1 to 2 years after sexual contamination. But in 10% of cases, the infection persists and can cause abnormalities (lesions) in the cells of the cervix, these lesions can themselves evolve into cancer.
There are several stages of precancerous lesions (called CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3), may regress to a cervical normal persist or even develop into cancer of the cervix. This cancer is on average fifteen to twenty years to develop after the persistence and progression of HPV infection in high risk, which leaves a significant window of action for screening and early detection of precancerous lesions and cancer .
Two modes of action exist: The vaccination used preventively, that is to say, before contact with the virus. There are two vaccines currently marketed in France: a bivalent vaccine for protecting said against HPV genotype 16 and 18 and a quadrivalent vaccine protects against HPV types 6,11, 16 and 18.The High Council of Public Health recommends preferably, in its opinion of December 14, 2007, the quadrivalent vaccine.
Screening is essential because of the partial protection of HPV vaccination. It is based on a cervical smear performed every three years for women 25 to 65 years (after the first two normal smears performed one year apart). From 25 years, all young women, whether vaccinated or not, should benefit from screening swabs.
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Cancer of the cervix and HPV infection - Cancer of the cervix is the long-term consequence of an infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are over 100 genotypes of HPV. Fifteen of these papillomavirus, known as high risk or oncogenes are associated with the development of cancer of the cervix uteri. The transmission occurs through contact with skin and mucous membranes, most often during sex, with or without penetration. Therefore, the condom, it can limit their contact with the virus, can not provide complete protection.
HPV infection is very common and is acquired mostly in the five years following the first sexual intercourse. In most cases, infection is transient and is eliminated naturally in 1 to 2 years after sexual contamination. But in 10% of cases, the infection persists and can cause abnormalities (lesions) in the cells of the cervix, these lesions can themselves evolve into cancer.
There are several stages of precancerous lesions (called CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3), may regress to a cervical normal persist or even develop into cancer of the cervix. This cancer is on average fifteen to twenty years to develop after the persistence and progression of HPV infection in high risk, which leaves a significant window of action for screening and early detection of precancerous lesions and cancer .
Two modes of action exist: The vaccination used preventively, that is to say, before contact with the virus. There are two vaccines currently marketed in France: a bivalent vaccine for protecting said against HPV genotype 16 and 18 and a quadrivalent vaccine protects against HPV types 6,11, 16 and 18.The High Council of Public Health recommends preferably, in its opinion of December 14, 2007, the quadrivalent vaccine.
The population targeted by this vaccine consists of: girls 14 years before exposure to the risk of HPV infection
girls and young women 15 to 23 years who have not had sex or, later in the year following the start of sexual life. This vaccination does not protect 100% against cancer of the cervix and does not replace the Pap smear screening. These two actions are complementary.
Screening is essential because of the partial protection of HPV vaccination. It is based on a cervical smear performed every three years for women 25 to 65 years (after the first two normal smears performed one year apart). From 25 years, all young women, whether vaccinated or not, should benefit from screening swabs.
HPV Infection And Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 15 2010, in the categories: Causes, Facts, HPV, Signs, Treatments, Useful info, diagnosis
HPV is the abbreviation of "human papilloma virus, also known under the term" papillomavirus.In most cases, HPV is transmitted through sexual contact. It is considered the leading sexually transmitted infection in the United States. In some rare cases the virus can lead to the dreaded cancer of the cervix.
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The virus is spread by sexual contact. It is the direct contact of skin to skin contact with the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva, anus, mouth or other body parts of an infected person for there to be transmitted. HPV is not transmitted by blood.
Symptoms - Genital warts are a sign of HPV infection. However, in most cases, HPV infection is a "discreet". In other words, many infected individuals who show no obvious sign of infection.
HPV affect the anogenital region of both the man and of woman. In women, this includes the vulva, cervix and anus. In humans, this region includes the penis, scrotum and anus. Because of these physical differences due to gender, the HPV affect men and women differently.
In women, HPV infection can affect the cells of the cervix as follows:
* The inactive or latent infection, which affected cells remain normal. There are no signs or symptoms of infection so much that you can never know that you are infected. Your body fights the virus in a manner that is not clear.
* Active infection when the infected cells of the cervix showed microscopic changes. These abnormal changes can be detected with a smear that examines a sample of cells from the cervix.
Evolution - Depending on the type of HPV present, the infection can progress to one or other of two extremes:
* The abnormal cells "dissipate spontaneously, that is to say that the infection becomes inactive and no longer poses significant problems for health. An inactive infection can become active again without knowing clearly why.
* Abnormal cervical cells may gradually evolve to cancer of the cervix uteri. According to tests, over 90% of women suffering from cancer of the cervix were also HPV.
Both for men and for women, HPV can affect the skin of the region by developing genital warts called condylomas. These have genital warts look like small cauliflower or they are flat.
Most types of HPV are harmless, that is to say they do not cause cancer. We have identified about 13 types of HPV that are linked with different types of cancers of the anus, penis, vulva and cervix.
Diagnosis
For many women, the first sign of an HPV infection will come from results of a smear of the cervix. These smears are very important to quickly detect abnormal cells. Men are not subjected to the usual way to test for HPV, the examination of the genital area becomes important in order to detect genital warts
Treatment - In the event of abnormal cells were found using the Pap test, your doctor will monitor you closely and may require further investigation. Treatments such as cryotherapy or laser surgery may be necessary to remove the abnormal cells. Care will depend on several factors including the degree of abnormality of cells revealed by the smear.
Visible genital warts that cause bothersome symptoms or cosmetic concerns may be addressed. Pharmaceuticals may be applied. The eradication of these warts often requires multiple treatments. In cases of infection with a high number of warts, treatments such as cryotherapy, laser surgery or surgery may be necessary to completely eliminate the HPV infection. Remove visible warts does not necessarily HPV. The warts may reappear. Prevention - If you're sexually active, the avoidance of contact with an infected person and limit your number of sexual partners may reduce the risk of infection.
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The virus is spread by sexual contact. It is the direct contact of skin to skin contact with the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva, anus, mouth or other body parts of an infected person for there to be transmitted. HPV is not transmitted by blood.
Symptoms - Genital warts are a sign of HPV infection. However, in most cases, HPV infection is a "discreet". In other words, many infected individuals who show no obvious sign of infection.
HPV affect the anogenital region of both the man and of woman. In women, this includes the vulva, cervix and anus. In humans, this region includes the penis, scrotum and anus. Because of these physical differences due to gender, the HPV affect men and women differently.
In women, HPV infection can affect the cells of the cervix as follows:
* The inactive or latent infection, which affected cells remain normal. There are no signs or symptoms of infection so much that you can never know that you are infected. Your body fights the virus in a manner that is not clear.
* Active infection when the infected cells of the cervix showed microscopic changes. These abnormal changes can be detected with a smear that examines a sample of cells from the cervix.
Evolution - Depending on the type of HPV present, the infection can progress to one or other of two extremes:
* The abnormal cells "dissipate spontaneously, that is to say that the infection becomes inactive and no longer poses significant problems for health. An inactive infection can become active again without knowing clearly why.
* Abnormal cervical cells may gradually evolve to cancer of the cervix uteri. According to tests, over 90% of women suffering from cancer of the cervix were also HPV.
Both for men and for women, HPV can affect the skin of the region by developing genital warts called condylomas. These have genital warts look like small cauliflower or they are flat.
Most types of HPV are harmless, that is to say they do not cause cancer. We have identified about 13 types of HPV that are linked with different types of cancers of the anus, penis, vulva and cervix.
Diagnosis
For many women, the first sign of an HPV infection will come from results of a smear of the cervix. These smears are very important to quickly detect abnormal cells. Men are not subjected to the usual way to test for HPV, the examination of the genital area becomes important in order to detect genital warts
Treatment - In the event of abnormal cells were found using the Pap test, your doctor will monitor you closely and may require further investigation. Treatments such as cryotherapy or laser surgery may be necessary to remove the abnormal cells. Care will depend on several factors including the degree of abnormality of cells revealed by the smear.
Visible genital warts that cause bothersome symptoms or cosmetic concerns may be addressed. Pharmaceuticals may be applied. The eradication of these warts often requires multiple treatments. In cases of infection with a high number of warts, treatments such as cryotherapy, laser surgery or surgery may be necessary to completely eliminate the HPV infection. Remove visible warts does not necessarily HPV. The warts may reappear. Prevention - If you're sexually active, the avoidance of contact with an infected person and limit your number of sexual partners may reduce the risk of infection.
HPV Infection And Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 13 2010, in the categories: Causes, Facts, HPV, Stages of disease, Useful info
HPV and cancer of the cervix - Some 200 known HPV that can infect humans. Some of these viruses affect the skin, mucous membranes of other oral, anal or genital. The consequences of these infections are most often benign - skin warts, anogenital warts. But some HPV transmitted sexually cause cancer of the cervix.
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The last real public health problem, is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. In addition, HPV can be detected in the skin and mucous membranes of most of the non-patient population where the virus remains at low level by a mechanism not pathological.
Epidemiology - The human papillomavirus, or HPV infect the epithelial cells of the skin or mucous membranes, and are transmitted by the spread of these cells during desquamation. We distinguish between low-risk HPV, agents benign lesions of high-risk HPV that are responsible for cancer. HPV affect the genital mucosa are transmitted through sexual contact and are frequent, this early in the sexual life as they are detected in 1 / 3 of women between adolescence and early twenties.
The infections they cause, if they are common throughout adult life in women sexually active, and often disappear spontaneously without clinical sign. But the infection will persist in 3 to 10% of infected women, and some among them will develop precancerous lesions called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia epithelium is a precursor of cancer of the cervix uteri. Several years may elapse between the onset of infection with oncogenic HPV and the appearance of such a cancer.
A dozen of HPV can cause cancer of the first to be recognized by WHO as being 100% due to a viral infection, but most frequently involved are the HPV16 (involved in 55% of cases) and HPV18 (12% of cases). The HPV oncogenes can also affect other mucous membranes and cause cancers including ano-rectal or oropharyngeal.
Globally, cancer of the cervix accounts for approximately 250 000 to 300 000 deaths and 500 000 new cases per year (80% in developing countries) from the International Center for Research on Cancer. In Europe, nearly 65 000 women are affected, and about 25 000 new cases are reported each year, with a mortality of 4.7%. In France, there were 3,000 cases each year, more than 1,000 deaths, and a diagnosis of cervical neoplasia or high-grade cancer is raised each year in 50 000 women.
Treatment - The current treatment of precancerous lesions is usually surgery (cone biopsy). The cervical cancer it is treated by a combination of surgery and radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy, effective in early stages. Therapeutic vaccine that would treat precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix caused by HPV16 and / or HPV18 are in clinical trials.
Prevention - Currently, prevention of cervical cancer of the uterus through the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (condoms, tests for the partner) and above the routine cervical smears in women. A prophylactic vaccine that protects against infection with HPV16 and 18, thus preventing 2 / 3 of cancers of the cervix, is currently available. This vaccine has no therapeutic effect and does not protect women infected. The opinion rendered March 9, 2007 by the Technical Committee on Vaccinations and the Higher Council of Public Hygiene of France, it is recommended to vaccinate girls aged 14 to protect them before they are infected. The vaccine is also available for young women 15 to 23 years have not had sex or sexuality that began in the year.
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The last real public health problem, is the second most common cancer in women worldwide. In addition, HPV can be detected in the skin and mucous membranes of most of the non-patient population where the virus remains at low level by a mechanism not pathological.
Epidemiology - The human papillomavirus, or HPV infect the epithelial cells of the skin or mucous membranes, and are transmitted by the spread of these cells during desquamation. We distinguish between low-risk HPV, agents benign lesions of high-risk HPV that are responsible for cancer. HPV affect the genital mucosa are transmitted through sexual contact and are frequent, this early in the sexual life as they are detected in 1 / 3 of women between adolescence and early twenties.
The infections they cause, if they are common throughout adult life in women sexually active, and often disappear spontaneously without clinical sign. But the infection will persist in 3 to 10% of infected women, and some among them will develop precancerous lesions called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia epithelium is a precursor of cancer of the cervix uteri. Several years may elapse between the onset of infection with oncogenic HPV and the appearance of such a cancer.
A dozen of HPV can cause cancer of the first to be recognized by WHO as being 100% due to a viral infection, but most frequently involved are the HPV16 (involved in 55% of cases) and HPV18 (12% of cases). The HPV oncogenes can also affect other mucous membranes and cause cancers including ano-rectal or oropharyngeal.
Globally, cancer of the cervix accounts for approximately 250 000 to 300 000 deaths and 500 000 new cases per year (80% in developing countries) from the International Center for Research on Cancer. In Europe, nearly 65 000 women are affected, and about 25 000 new cases are reported each year, with a mortality of 4.7%. In France, there were 3,000 cases each year, more than 1,000 deaths, and a diagnosis of cervical neoplasia or high-grade cancer is raised each year in 50 000 women.
Treatment - The current treatment of precancerous lesions is usually surgery (cone biopsy). The cervical cancer it is treated by a combination of surgery and radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy, effective in early stages. Therapeutic vaccine that would treat precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix caused by HPV16 and / or HPV18 are in clinical trials.
Prevention - Currently, prevention of cervical cancer of the uterus through the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (condoms, tests for the partner) and above the routine cervical smears in women. A prophylactic vaccine that protects against infection with HPV16 and 18, thus preventing 2 / 3 of cancers of the cervix, is currently available. This vaccine has no therapeutic effect and does not protect women infected. The opinion rendered March 9, 2007 by the Technical Committee on Vaccinations and the Higher Council of Public Hygiene of France, it is recommended to vaccinate girls aged 14 to protect them before they are infected. The vaccine is also available for young women 15 to 23 years have not had sex or sexuality that began in the year.
Test For Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 13 2010, in the categories: Causes, Facts, HPV, Useful info, tests
Vaccinated or not, think about the smear test! Cancer of the cervix is preventable through regular screening and vaccination. However, it still causes allot of deaths each year. Faced with this scourge, the National Cancer Institute launched a new screening campaign based on the pharmacists.
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The National Cancer Institute, in partnership with the National Council of the College of Pharmacists launches from June 8, 2009 a national awareness campaign to screening for cervical cancer of the uterus. In total, 23 000 pharmacies in metropolitan France and overseas will be mobilized to highlight the importance of Pap smear screening.
HPV causes cancer of the cervix - Pap smears of the cervix is caused by common viruses in the family papillomavirus (HPV), 1st cause of viral sexually transmitted infections worldwide.Contamination occurs most often during sex. The problem is that condoms do not protect against these viruses that spread through mucous membranes.
Unfavorable HPV infection is not systematic, it is a necessary cause but not enough of certain cancers. During life, the majority of adults has been in contact with the HPV virus, but most of the time the body is able to eliminate them. However, sometimes the infection persists and causes abnormalities (lesions) in the cells of the cervix. It takes about 15 years for a cancer develops after infection with high-risk HPV oncogene. Vaccine for younger smears for all women!
There are still about 1 000 deaths each year in the UK from cancer of the cervix uteri, while most could be avoided. Indeed, two complementary solutions exist to protect the cancer vaccine and the Pap smear screening. If vaccination should be offered only to girls who have not been exposed to infection by HPV, all women, whether vaccinated or not, should have regular smear between 25 and 65.
The smear is a simple, painless and should be effective to be done regularly. Health authorities have defined the frequency of that review once every three years after two normal tests performed at one year intervals for all women 25 to 65. The pharmacist, actor Prevention - That is why the National Cancer Institute is launching a new campaign to explain the importance of smear: "vaccinated or not from 25 years to do a smear screening.
Participating pharmacies, each woman who comes in during the dispensing of an HPV vaccine, a contraceptive or a gynecological treatment will be advised on screening for cervical cancer and thus be motivated to practice regular smears. Leaflets public on screening for cervical cancer of the uterus and poster accompany the speech of the pharmacist. In addition, a poster campaign in pharmacies will be held from June 8
To complete the field, the National Cancer Institute on its present site a FAQ devoted to screening. It aims to fight against certain ideas about the smear. The skits that are composed of reflections from the more common that women can have on the cancer and the smear. The smear is more than ever the need for action effectively fight against cancer of the cervix. So ladies, do you get tested regularly!
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The National Cancer Institute, in partnership with the National Council of the College of Pharmacists launches from June 8, 2009 a national awareness campaign to screening for cervical cancer of the uterus. In total, 23 000 pharmacies in metropolitan France and overseas will be mobilized to highlight the importance of Pap smear screening.
HPV causes cancer of the cervix - Pap smears of the cervix is caused by common viruses in the family papillomavirus (HPV), 1st cause of viral sexually transmitted infections worldwide.Contamination occurs most often during sex. The problem is that condoms do not protect against these viruses that spread through mucous membranes.
Unfavorable HPV infection is not systematic, it is a necessary cause but not enough of certain cancers. During life, the majority of adults has been in contact with the HPV virus, but most of the time the body is able to eliminate them. However, sometimes the infection persists and causes abnormalities (lesions) in the cells of the cervix. It takes about 15 years for a cancer develops after infection with high-risk HPV oncogene. Vaccine for younger smears for all women!
There are still about 1 000 deaths each year in the UK from cancer of the cervix uteri, while most could be avoided. Indeed, two complementary solutions exist to protect the cancer vaccine and the Pap smear screening. If vaccination should be offered only to girls who have not been exposed to infection by HPV, all women, whether vaccinated or not, should have regular smear between 25 and 65.
The smear is a simple, painless and should be effective to be done regularly. Health authorities have defined the frequency of that review once every three years after two normal tests performed at one year intervals for all women 25 to 65. The pharmacist, actor Prevention - That is why the National Cancer Institute is launching a new campaign to explain the importance of smear: "vaccinated or not from 25 years to do a smear screening.
Participating pharmacies, each woman who comes in during the dispensing of an HPV vaccine, a contraceptive or a gynecological treatment will be advised on screening for cervical cancer and thus be motivated to practice regular smears. Leaflets public on screening for cervical cancer of the uterus and poster accompany the speech of the pharmacist. In addition, a poster campaign in pharmacies will be held from June 8
To complete the field, the National Cancer Institute on its present site a FAQ devoted to screening. It aims to fight against certain ideas about the smear. The skits that are composed of reflections from the more common that women can have on the cancer and the smear. The smear is more than ever the need for action effectively fight against cancer of the cervix. So ladies, do you get tested regularly!
HPV Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 12 2010, in the categories: Facts, HPV, Stages of disease
Research conducted in recent years have uncovered the link between cancer of the cervix and human papillomavirus, a sexually transmitted virus. Today, it is estimated that virtually all such cancers are related to these viruses. Zoom in on this tiny enemy with Dr Francoise Thierry de l'Institut Pasteur.
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Cancer of the cervix develops from precancerous lesions called induced by different viruses of the family of human papillomavirus (HPV or HPV for Human Papillomavirus). Researcher in the unit gene expression and disease of the Pasteur Institute, Françoise Thierry tells us more about these viruses.
Portrait of a family of viruses - Papillomavirus Cancer uterusLe Dr. Thierry tells us that: "Overall, these viruses are divided into two large families. Some affect the skin and mucous membranes seconds. Some of these infections are benign (warts of the hand and foot arch) while others may progress to cancer development. As is sometimes the case in the cervix.
If these sexually transmitted infections are most often benign, they operate in some cases by precancerous lesions (dysplasia) that they can even evolve into cancer of the cervix if not treated. There are every year and 258 000 deaths worldwide, including 1 000 in France. The papillomaviruses are present in 80 to 100% of cancers of the cervix. Conversely, the risk of cancer among women not infected is virtually nil.
Among the different types of viruses (there are nearly 120 genotypes), not all have the same carcinogenic. In Europe, the most harmful is undoubtedly that of type 16, involved in more than a cancer on deux1 cervix. Other types of this virus are oncogenic HPV18 (20% of cases) and less often HPV31, HPV33 and HPV35. "We can not necessarily say they are less dangerous, they are certainly less present in our European environment. In Colombia, human papillomavirus found in over half of cancerous lesions of the cervix is HPV45. It are so large geographical variability "said Dr. Thierry.
Finally, there are Asian or African variants of HPV found in Europe. Some studies suggest they are more persistent and less easily eliminated by the body. But this remains controversial.However, all HPV infections do not progress to cancer, fortunately!
All infections do not progress to cancer - HPV infections are very common in young women and most often regress spontaneously. Thus, at least one sexually active woman in two was exposed to the virus during its life. The virus was detected in 30% of women under 30 years and in 10% of women beyond that age. The risk of infection increases to 60%, 5 years after the onset of sexual activity, it decreases and then drops to 5-10% after 40-45 years2.
HPV infections by the same virus type oncogene are usually trivial because the body eliminates it within 6 to 13 months following the contamination. "We do not know many factors that cause the infection will resolve spontaneously or lead to cancer. It is estimated that today is the length of this infection will run the cancer process," says Dr. Thierry. It is the persistence of infection by this oncogene virus, which causes abnormal cells - the most important marker of tumor
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Cancer of the cervix develops from precancerous lesions called induced by different viruses of the family of human papillomavirus (HPV or HPV for Human Papillomavirus). Researcher in the unit gene expression and disease of the Pasteur Institute, Françoise Thierry tells us more about these viruses.
Portrait of a family of viruses - Papillomavirus Cancer uterusLe Dr. Thierry tells us that: "Overall, these viruses are divided into two large families. Some affect the skin and mucous membranes seconds. Some of these infections are benign (warts of the hand and foot arch) while others may progress to cancer development. As is sometimes the case in the cervix.
If these sexually transmitted infections are most often benign, they operate in some cases by precancerous lesions (dysplasia) that they can even evolve into cancer of the cervix if not treated. There are every year and 258 000 deaths worldwide, including 1 000 in France. The papillomaviruses are present in 80 to 100% of cancers of the cervix. Conversely, the risk of cancer among women not infected is virtually nil.
Among the different types of viruses (there are nearly 120 genotypes), not all have the same carcinogenic. In Europe, the most harmful is undoubtedly that of type 16, involved in more than a cancer on deux1 cervix. Other types of this virus are oncogenic HPV18 (20% of cases) and less often HPV31, HPV33 and HPV35. "We can not necessarily say they are less dangerous, they are certainly less present in our European environment. In Colombia, human papillomavirus found in over half of cancerous lesions of the cervix is HPV45. It are so large geographical variability "said Dr. Thierry.
Finally, there are Asian or African variants of HPV found in Europe. Some studies suggest they are more persistent and less easily eliminated by the body. But this remains controversial.However, all HPV infections do not progress to cancer, fortunately!
All infections do not progress to cancer - HPV infections are very common in young women and most often regress spontaneously. Thus, at least one sexually active woman in two was exposed to the virus during its life. The virus was detected in 30% of women under 30 years and in 10% of women beyond that age. The risk of infection increases to 60%, 5 years after the onset of sexual activity, it decreases and then drops to 5-10% after 40-45 years2.
HPV infections by the same virus type oncogene are usually trivial because the body eliminates it within 6 to 13 months following the contamination. "We do not know many factors that cause the infection will resolve spontaneously or lead to cancer. It is estimated that today is the length of this infection will run the cancer process," says Dr. Thierry. It is the persistence of infection by this oncogene virus, which causes abnormal cells - the most important marker of tumor
Information On Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 11 2010, in the categories: Causes, Facts, HPV, Signs, Useful info
The uterus is an organ of the genital tract of women. It is composed of two parts: the body and neck. It is within the body of the uterus as the fetus develops after fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon. Cervix - The cervix is the lower part of the body, it connects the body of the uterus with the vagina and the outside. It comes in the form of a thick-walled cylinder whose lumen is virtual in normal times.
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The cervix is normally covered with a pink lining and smooth. Sometimes this mucosal lesions it is necessary to diagnose and treat because it may happen that they turn into cancer. Part of the cervix is exposed to the vagina is called the ectocervix. The doctor can see through the use of a speculum inserted into the vagina and he dismisses the walls. The inner lining of the cervix is called the endocervix, it is hardly visible.
See our better understanding of image
The cervix is a crossing point: At the time rules, it lets the menstrual blood flowing to the vagina and the outside; After intercourse, the cervix left back in seminal fluid containing sperm into the body of the uterus (and then to the fallopian tubes and ovaries may fertilize an egg).
If the semen is contaminated with germs, they can infect the female genitalia, vagina into the Fallopian tubes through the cervix; At the end of pregnancy the cervix is changing, and when the moment of childbirth, it disappears completely to let the baby and allow the birth.
Cancer of the cervix is the development of malignancy within its tissues. It is a cancer involving a sexually transmitted virus: HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) a particular type "says high risk" (or oncogene).
Human papillomavirus (HPV) - Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are DNA viruses, small size, which specifically infect the skin and mucous membranes. Some types, called "non-oncogenic, induce benign lesions such as warts, papillomas or warts, while types called" oncogenes "are responsible for cervical cancer.
70% of HPV infections are transient, the virus is eliminated naturally by the immune system in about a year . But cancer can develop if the infection becomes persistent . The HPV virus is found in 99.7% of cancers of the cervix , which is why HPV infection is considered as the necessary cause of cervical cancer. Additional factors
There are predisposing factors: multiple pregnancies, early sex, multiple partners, smoking is the best known. Cancer of the cervix develops from a papillomavirus (HPV). Only certain types of HPV can cause this cancer. And so many young women contract the virus ... Fortunately many are going to do it naturally. But it happens that in some women, the virus causes sores on the lining of the cervix and in the end cancer occurs.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
The cervix is normally covered with a pink lining and smooth. Sometimes this mucosal lesions it is necessary to diagnose and treat because it may happen that they turn into cancer. Part of the cervix is exposed to the vagina is called the ectocervix. The doctor can see through the use of a speculum inserted into the vagina and he dismisses the walls. The inner lining of the cervix is called the endocervix, it is hardly visible.
See our better understanding of image
The cervix is a crossing point: At the time rules, it lets the menstrual blood flowing to the vagina and the outside; After intercourse, the cervix left back in seminal fluid containing sperm into the body of the uterus (and then to the fallopian tubes and ovaries may fertilize an egg).
If the semen is contaminated with germs, they can infect the female genitalia, vagina into the Fallopian tubes through the cervix; At the end of pregnancy the cervix is changing, and when the moment of childbirth, it disappears completely to let the baby and allow the birth.
Cancer of the cervix is the development of malignancy within its tissues. It is a cancer involving a sexually transmitted virus: HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) a particular type "says high risk" (or oncogene).
Human papillomavirus (HPV) - Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are DNA viruses, small size, which specifically infect the skin and mucous membranes. Some types, called "non-oncogenic, induce benign lesions such as warts, papillomas or warts, while types called" oncogenes "are responsible for cervical cancer.
70% of HPV infections are transient, the virus is eliminated naturally by the immune system in about a year . But cancer can develop if the infection becomes persistent . The HPV virus is found in 99.7% of cancers of the cervix , which is why HPV infection is considered as the necessary cause of cervical cancer. Additional factors
There are predisposing factors: multiple pregnancies, early sex, multiple partners, smoking is the best known. Cancer of the cervix develops from a papillomavirus (HPV). Only certain types of HPV can cause this cancer. And so many young women contract the virus ... Fortunately many are going to do it naturally. But it happens that in some women, the virus causes sores on the lining of the cervix and in the end cancer occurs.
Canada Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 11 2010, in the categories: Causes, HPV, Stages of disease, Useful info, diagnosis
Cancer of the cervix begins in the cells of the cervix is the narrow passage that connects the uterus to the vagina.
* In 2008, an estimated 1 300 Canadian women will be diagnosed with cancer of the cervix and 380 will die.
* Cancer of the cervix represents approximately 1.1% of all cancer deaths in women.
* One woman in 150 will suffer from cancer of the cervix during her lifetime and one in 423 will die.
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* Before the appearance of this type of cancer cells of cervical change and become abnormal.This change is called cervical dysplasia. Without treatment, this precancerous condition can turn into cancer over time. However, most women with dysplasia do not develop cancer.
* What should I know about cervical cancer?
Risk Factors - The main risk factor associated with cancer of the cervix is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is transmitted sexually and infects the cervix.
Some other risk factors associated with cancer of the cervix.
* Becoming active sexually at a young age, having multiple sexual partners or having a partner who has had many.
* Smoking.
* A weakened immune system by drugs after a transplant or is suffering from a disease like AIDS.
* Prolonged use of the pill.
* Having many children.
* The prior use of diethylstilbestrol (DES) or having a mother who took.
* What should be done to reduce the risk of cancer?
* How should I eat to reduce cancer risk?
* Does physical activity reduces the risk of cancer?
Controlling cancer of the cervix uteri
* How is cancer treated?
* How do I deal with cancer?
* How can I help someone with cancer?
Top of page - Facts and Figures
* Facts and figures on cancer of the cervix uteri
* Cancer Surveillance On-Line
* Chronic Disease Infobase
* Economic Burden of Illness in Canada
Development and exchange of knowledge
* Publications on cancer of the cervix uteri
* Guidelines for cancer cervix
* The Gate Canadian Best Practices
* Chronic Diseases in Canada (CMC)
Initiatives, strategies, systems and programs - The Network for the Prevention of cervical cancer of the uterus (RPCCU) is an informal group of representatives from federal and provincial agencies and clinics, for example: the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, the College of Physicians Family Physicians of Canada, the Canadian Society of Cytology, the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists of Canada, Canadian Colposcopists and the Association of Nurses in Canada.
The RPCCU aims to further reduce mortality and morbidity from cancer of the cervix uteri and its precursors in the country through the implementation or enhancement of organized screening programs.
The RPCCU focuses its efforts on strengthening the three components of an organized screening program: strategies for effective recruitment, information systems and an integrated set of guidelines as a basis for program management quality within the provincial screening programs.
In conjunction with the sectors of health and education and other partners, the Agency of Health Canada promotes the well-being and psychosocial Canadians through activities to promote health and strategies against cancer. These activities include:
* The establishment of national guidelines, including recommendations on immunization;
* The establishment of surveillance initiatives and the achievement of targeted studies;
* Coordinating the dissemination and exchange of information.
The Agency supports public health efforts to fight against sexually transmitted infections and their complications, including cancer and infertility, and to prevent them. The National Advisory Committee on Immunization recommendations on vaccine use and issued a statement on the vaccine against HPV.
* In 2008, an estimated 1 300 Canadian women will be diagnosed with cancer of the cervix and 380 will die.
* Cancer of the cervix represents approximately 1.1% of all cancer deaths in women.
* One woman in 150 will suffer from cancer of the cervix during her lifetime and one in 423 will die.
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* Before the appearance of this type of cancer cells of cervical change and become abnormal.This change is called cervical dysplasia. Without treatment, this precancerous condition can turn into cancer over time. However, most women with dysplasia do not develop cancer.
* What should I know about cervical cancer?
Risk Factors - The main risk factor associated with cancer of the cervix is the human papillomavirus (HPV), which is transmitted sexually and infects the cervix.
Some other risk factors associated with cancer of the cervix.
* Becoming active sexually at a young age, having multiple sexual partners or having a partner who has had many.
* Smoking.
* A weakened immune system by drugs after a transplant or is suffering from a disease like AIDS.
* Prolonged use of the pill.
* Having many children.
* The prior use of diethylstilbestrol (DES) or having a mother who took.
* What should be done to reduce the risk of cancer?
* How should I eat to reduce cancer risk?
* Does physical activity reduces the risk of cancer?
Controlling cancer of the cervix uteri
* How is cancer treated?
* How do I deal with cancer?
* How can I help someone with cancer?
Top of page - Facts and Figures
* Facts and figures on cancer of the cervix uteri
* Cancer Surveillance On-Line
* Chronic Disease Infobase
* Economic Burden of Illness in Canada
Development and exchange of knowledge
* Publications on cancer of the cervix uteri
* Guidelines for cancer cervix
* The Gate Canadian Best Practices
* Chronic Diseases in Canada (CMC)
Initiatives, strategies, systems and programs - The Network for the Prevention of cervical cancer of the uterus (RPCCU) is an informal group of representatives from federal and provincial agencies and clinics, for example: the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada, the College of Physicians Family Physicians of Canada, the Canadian Society of Cytology, the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists of Canada, Canadian Colposcopists and the Association of Nurses in Canada.
The RPCCU aims to further reduce mortality and morbidity from cancer of the cervix uteri and its precursors in the country through the implementation or enhancement of organized screening programs.
The RPCCU focuses its efforts on strengthening the three components of an organized screening program: strategies for effective recruitment, information systems and an integrated set of guidelines as a basis for program management quality within the provincial screening programs.
In conjunction with the sectors of health and education and other partners, the Agency of Health Canada promotes the well-being and psychosocial Canadians through activities to promote health and strategies against cancer. These activities include:
* The establishment of national guidelines, including recommendations on immunization;
* The establishment of surveillance initiatives and the achievement of targeted studies;
* Coordinating the dissemination and exchange of information.
The Agency supports public health efforts to fight against sexually transmitted infections and their complications, including cancer and infertility, and to prevent them. The National Advisory Committee on Immunization recommendations on vaccine use and issued a statement on the vaccine against HPV.
Symptoms Of Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 10 2010, in the categories: Causes, Cells, Facts, HPV, Signs, Stages of disease, diagnosis
HPV Symptoms, Testing and Diagnosis - How to tell if your child has contracted HPV? It is a test for HPV that can detect strains of high-risk HPV DNA in cells of the body. But this test is not included in testing for STIs regularly because it is not widely available. Currently, the test is usually used only in rare circumstances, or when a doctor recommends it or when results of Pap smear of a woman are abnormal. Many parts of Canada do not test all and can not be covered by your insurance plan health, you may have to pay $ 90 to have it done.
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It is likely that your child will get HPV during their lifetime, but he does not know and have absolutely no problem. Most of the time, HPV goes away on its own. Being infected with HPV does not mean that the infected person is ill. Most people who contracted HPV has no signs or symptoms.
However, there are certain types of HPV low risk that can cause genital warts, which can appear several weeks and sometimes months after sexual contact. In rare occasions the virus can persist, especially the types of high risk HPV, and can cause precancerous lesions and cancer. In girls who become sexually active, the Pap test is the most effective way to detect early signs of abnormalities and precancerous cells on the cervix.
Why is the Pap smear is important? - A young woman should undergo their first Pap test within three years after her first sexual contact, then every two years thereafter. The Pap test is the only way to detect abnormal cells in the cervix. Abnormal cells detected by the Pap test to your daughter may be a harbinger of cancer and the risk that they turn into cancer. We can treat the abnormal cells successfully at this stage because the progression to cancer takes many years, sometimes up to 10 years.
In women, the types of high risk HPV can infect cells of the vagina, vulva and cervix, or areas that are not seen. These lesions are considered a precancerous condition and can be detected by a test of Pao. A young girl who contracted the HPV types of high risk will not affect the cervical cancer, since it takes years to develop. If your daughter is undergoing her first Pap test within three years after his first sexual contact, and she submits to it regularly thereafter, abnormal cells will be detected by early screening.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
It is likely that your child will get HPV during their lifetime, but he does not know and have absolutely no problem. Most of the time, HPV goes away on its own. Being infected with HPV does not mean that the infected person is ill. Most people who contracted HPV has no signs or symptoms.
However, there are certain types of HPV low risk that can cause genital warts, which can appear several weeks and sometimes months after sexual contact. In rare occasions the virus can persist, especially the types of high risk HPV, and can cause precancerous lesions and cancer. In girls who become sexually active, the Pap test is the most effective way to detect early signs of abnormalities and precancerous cells on the cervix.
Why is the Pap smear is important? - A young woman should undergo their first Pap test within three years after her first sexual contact, then every two years thereafter. The Pap test is the only way to detect abnormal cells in the cervix. Abnormal cells detected by the Pap test to your daughter may be a harbinger of cancer and the risk that they turn into cancer. We can treat the abnormal cells successfully at this stage because the progression to cancer takes many years, sometimes up to 10 years.
In women, the types of high risk HPV can infect cells of the vagina, vulva and cervix, or areas that are not seen. These lesions are considered a precancerous condition and can be detected by a test of Pao. A young girl who contracted the HPV types of high risk will not affect the cervical cancer, since it takes years to develop. If your daughter is undergoing her first Pap test within three years after his first sexual contact, and she submits to it regularly thereafter, abnormal cells will be detected by early screening.
Human Papilloma Virus Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 10 2010, in the categories: Facts, HPV, Stages of disease, Useful info
What is HPV? The human papillomavirus, or HPV, from the family of viruses most prevalent. It is the sexually transmitted infection (STI) is most common in the contemporary world. It is quite possible that your child contracts some form of HPV virus during its life and it shows no signs or symptoms. In fact, it is likely that HPV does not trouble her health.
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Your child must know that all types of HPV are persistent. Some types are considered low risk and can cause genital or anal warts. Other types are considered at high risk and can cause precancerous lesions and cancers of the vulva, vagina and cervix and are related to cancers of the anus and other genital organs.
Does HPV manifests itself in many forms?
More than 100 different types of HPV have been discovered. Most types are absolutely harmless, cause no signs or symptoms and in fact disappear over time. Over 30 other types of HPV are sexually transmitted and affect the anogenital tract (on or between the anus and genitals). Some types of low-risk HPV can cause common skin warts and plantar (on the soles of the feet). There are 13 types of high risk HPV (types 16 and 18), which can cause precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina and vulva.
How your child can get HPV? - HPV can infect anyone who has had sex even without penetration. The skin-skin contact with the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva or anus of an infected person is the mode of transmission of HPV most common. The kissing or touching the genitals of a partner with the mouth can also lead to the transmission of HPV.
Condom use is an excellent means of protection against all sexually transmitted infections.However, your child must know that the condom does not protect any coup against HPV because the virus can be a part of skin around the genitals or anus is not covered by the condom .
A proportion of 87% of high school students in Toronto has ever heard of human papillomavirus (HPV) ... And you? Do you know what HPV? Do you know how to prevent HPV? Do you know that HPV can cause genital warts or anal? Do you know that some HPV types can cause genital and anal cancers?
Adults - A recent study, less than a third of men and women had heard of human papillomavirus (HPV). In this group, few people knew how the virus is transmitted. An even smaller number of them knew that some types of HPV can cause cervical cancer and anus. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada gives you all the facts about HPV, how it is transmitted and how to prevent it.
Parents - A recent Canadian forum on the prevention and control of cervical cancer has acknowledged that the public is low awareness of HPV and knowledge of sexually active young women who are most at risk of infection is particularly limited in this subject. Little is known about the existence, prevention, transmission, symptoms and consequences of HPV.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
Your child must know that all types of HPV are persistent. Some types are considered low risk and can cause genital or anal warts. Other types are considered at high risk and can cause precancerous lesions and cancers of the vulva, vagina and cervix and are related to cancers of the anus and other genital organs.
Does HPV manifests itself in many forms?
More than 100 different types of HPV have been discovered. Most types are absolutely harmless, cause no signs or symptoms and in fact disappear over time. Over 30 other types of HPV are sexually transmitted and affect the anogenital tract (on or between the anus and genitals). Some types of low-risk HPV can cause common skin warts and plantar (on the soles of the feet). There are 13 types of high risk HPV (types 16 and 18), which can cause precancerous lesions and cancers of the cervix, vagina and vulva.
How your child can get HPV? - HPV can infect anyone who has had sex even without penetration. The skin-skin contact with the penis, scrotum, vagina, vulva or anus of an infected person is the mode of transmission of HPV most common. The kissing or touching the genitals of a partner with the mouth can also lead to the transmission of HPV.
Condom use is an excellent means of protection against all sexually transmitted infections.However, your child must know that the condom does not protect any coup against HPV because the virus can be a part of skin around the genitals or anus is not covered by the condom .
A proportion of 87% of high school students in Toronto has ever heard of human papillomavirus (HPV) ... And you? Do you know what HPV? Do you know how to prevent HPV? Do you know that HPV can cause genital warts or anal? Do you know that some HPV types can cause genital and anal cancers?
Adults - A recent study, less than a third of men and women had heard of human papillomavirus (HPV). In this group, few people knew how the virus is transmitted. An even smaller number of them knew that some types of HPV can cause cervical cancer and anus. The Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists of Canada gives you all the facts about HPV, how it is transmitted and how to prevent it.
Parents - A recent Canadian forum on the prevention and control of cervical cancer has acknowledged that the public is low awareness of HPV and knowledge of sexually active young women who are most at risk of infection is particularly limited in this subject. Little is known about the existence, prevention, transmission, symptoms and consequences of HPV.
HPV And Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 09 2010, in the categories: Facts, HPV, Useful info
What is HPV? - HPV stands for human papilloma virus. There are over 100 types of HPV. Some produce warts on the hand, others staying in the genitals. Most do not seem to have serious consequences.
Genital HPV is widespread?
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HPV infection is so common among people who have sex we can conclude that it is a phenomenon almost inherent to being sexually active. According to estimates, 70 to 80 per cent of Canadians (inks) sexually active-ives are carriers (ers) of the virus at some point in their lives.Most people are unaware they are infected because they usually have no symptoms.
How do people get genital HPV they? - Different types of HPV are microscopic and seep through tiny breaks in the skin. If you're sexually active, you are exposed to genital HPV through sexual contact vaginal, anal or oral. HPV can spread from the vaginal area to the anal area. HPV can be contracted without vaginal penetration. Women who have sex with women can contract HPV, as well as those who have only (a) one (only) sexual partner (ual).
Why should I be concerned about HPV? - Some types of HPV can cause genital warts. Others may cause changes in cells. These are linked to cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina and anus. Nearly 100% of women suffering from cancer of the cervix are infected with HPV. It is important to note that in general the body's immune system gets rid of HPV naturally in a year or two. Most women with HPV will not develop cancer of the cervix.
How to treat a person with HPV? - Most types of HPV are benign and require no treatment. As is the case with many viruses, HPV can not be cured. However, there are treatments that can relieve symptoms. For example, genital warts can be treated with medication that can be applied directly to warts.
HPV does cause cancer? The appearance of changes in the cervix is necessarily linked to HPV, but HPV does not necessarily lead to cancer. No one knows for sure the other elements that cause the development of cancer. It is possible that the following factors play a role in the development of cancer:
* Having unprotected sex at a young age.
* Smoking.
* Have an immune system in disrepair.
* Have poor diet and a diet low in vitamin A, folate (a type of B vitamin) and vitamin C.
* Living Stress
* To be suffering from another sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia.
We know that poverty is linked to deaths caused by cancer of the cervix. Poor diet, stress and smoking are also linked to poverty.
How do I know if I have HPV?
Most women do not realize they are infected with HPV when they detect that warts on the genitals or the results of their Pap test shows the presence of anomalies. HPV can be detected by a test that analyzes DNA in the cells of the body. This test, called the technique of hybrid capture II (CH II), detects specific types of HPV linked to cervical cancer of the uterus.
What should I do if my Pap test shows an abnormality?
A Pap test, which revealed the presence of minor anomalies is concerned that also indicates whether the presence of HPV. Sometimes the Pap test detects the presence of HPV and the result will be reported in the written report. In general, it must conduct a separate test of CH II for detecting HPV. You should know that this test is newly available in Canada and not available everywhere.
Genital HPV is widespread?
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
HPV infection is so common among people who have sex we can conclude that it is a phenomenon almost inherent to being sexually active. According to estimates, 70 to 80 per cent of Canadians (inks) sexually active-ives are carriers (ers) of the virus at some point in their lives.Most people are unaware they are infected because they usually have no symptoms.
How do people get genital HPV they? - Different types of HPV are microscopic and seep through tiny breaks in the skin. If you're sexually active, you are exposed to genital HPV through sexual contact vaginal, anal or oral. HPV can spread from the vaginal area to the anal area. HPV can be contracted without vaginal penetration. Women who have sex with women can contract HPV, as well as those who have only (a) one (only) sexual partner (ual).
Why should I be concerned about HPV? - Some types of HPV can cause genital warts. Others may cause changes in cells. These are linked to cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina and anus. Nearly 100% of women suffering from cancer of the cervix are infected with HPV. It is important to note that in general the body's immune system gets rid of HPV naturally in a year or two. Most women with HPV will not develop cancer of the cervix.
How to treat a person with HPV? - Most types of HPV are benign and require no treatment. As is the case with many viruses, HPV can not be cured. However, there are treatments that can relieve symptoms. For example, genital warts can be treated with medication that can be applied directly to warts.
HPV does cause cancer? The appearance of changes in the cervix is necessarily linked to HPV, but HPV does not necessarily lead to cancer. No one knows for sure the other elements that cause the development of cancer. It is possible that the following factors play a role in the development of cancer:
* Having unprotected sex at a young age.
* Smoking.
* Have an immune system in disrepair.
* Have poor diet and a diet low in vitamin A, folate (a type of B vitamin) and vitamin C.
* Living Stress
* To be suffering from another sexually transmitted infection such as chlamydia.
We know that poverty is linked to deaths caused by cancer of the cervix. Poor diet, stress and smoking are also linked to poverty.
How do I know if I have HPV?
Most women do not realize they are infected with HPV when they detect that warts on the genitals or the results of their Pap test shows the presence of anomalies. HPV can be detected by a test that analyzes DNA in the cells of the body. This test, called the technique of hybrid capture II (CH II), detects specific types of HPV linked to cervical cancer of the uterus.
What should I do if my Pap test shows an abnormality?
A Pap test, which revealed the presence of minor anomalies is concerned that also indicates whether the presence of HPV. Sometimes the Pap test detects the presence of HPV and the result will be reported in the written report. In general, it must conduct a separate test of CH II for detecting HPV. You should know that this test is newly available in Canada and not available everywhere.