Mirena – is a contraceptive intrauterine system that contains levonorgestrel, the active ingredient. This intrauterine system is inserted into the womb like any other contraceptive coil. After the insertion into the womb the levonorgestrel is released into the uterus. Levonorgestrel represents the female sex hormone progesterone, but in a synthetic form. This ingredient has the role to increase the thickness of the natural mucus from the neck of the uterus and this way the sperm gets difficult to get trough the vagina into the uterus to fertilize a egg and the pregnancy is very unlikely to appear.
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The levonorgestrel has the fallowing roles also:
-to prevent the womb lining from thickening every month to receive the fertilized egg ( this way the fertilized egg, if the fertilization had taken place, are prevented to implant itself into the wall of the uterus.
-to prevent the release of an egg from the ovary.
This intrauterine system may be considered to have double contraceptive effect, in the first place because of the levonorgestrel the ingredient from its components and in the second place because of the device itself because it has the same role as a normal copper coils. The proper period to insert the mirena into the womb is the first five days of the menstrual cycle of the women. Mirena can be used for contraception, for idiophatic menorrhagia ( to women who present abundance or prolonged menstrual period), as a protection against overgrowth of the womb lining for women who take hormone replacement therapy after the menopause.

Before the mirena is inserted into the women’s womb, the women should have a detailed gynaecological examination ( in order to determine the size and position of the womb, if the woman isn’t pregnant, if she has infections or if she has sexually transmitted diseases) , breasts exam. After the implantation of the mirena the women should do another gynecological exam after 6 months. The insertion and removal of this contraceptive system can be painful and may cause bleeding and if those symptoms persist you may do a gynaecological examination, because the device might of perforated the wall of the womb. If you experience lower abdominal pain, recurrent pelvic infection or inflammation of the womb lining or a recurrence of the menstrual bleeding if your period had stopped you should consult the doctor or even have it removed.

Some women may get pregnant while having the mirena inserted in the womb and she will have to remove it. The mirena doesn’t protect sexual partners against sexually transmitted infections so the partners should use a condom also. The doctors don’t recommend the use of the mirena in fallowing cases:
-abnormalities of the womb;
-inflammation of the cervix;
-abnormal tissue in the cervix;
-vaginal bleeding from unknown causes;
-genital infections;
-pregnancy;
-disease of the arteries, stroke or heart attack;
-liver cancer
-leukaemias
-uterine fobroids
-uterine cancer
-cervical cancer
Mirena and cervical cancer are not compatible. Doctors don’t recommend the use of the mirena for women who are awaiting treatment for cervical cancer, who had cervical cancer or who have abnormalities in the womb or who have abnormal tissue in the cervix. Mirena is not recommended either to patient who have leukaemia, liver cancer, breast cancer, etc.

The abortion is the premature loss of the conception product. Depending on the month of the pregnancy the conception product may be the fetus, fetal membranes, embryo and the placenta taken out from the uterus. A miscarriage is also an abortion. The abortion may be done willingly by the woman with the intervention of a gynecologist doctor or unwillingly by miscarriage. Either way this signifies a traumatic experience for the woman that has immediate and long term effects on her body and on her psychic. Unfortunately there are woman who cannot keep the baby, their body refuse to carry the fetus and the miscarriages happens every time they try to conceive. These repetitive loss of the pregnancy for more than three times in a row are known as habitual abortion.
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Some woman take the decision of interrupting the pregnancy from different reasons, such as emotional instability, financial instability, probably an unwanted pregnancy,  the very early age of the mother, the father of the baby might not want the baby and the woman doesn’t want to raise the baby on her own, the misjudgment of the people against women who raises on her one her baby and so on. The abortion may be made by the doctor until the 4 month of the pregnancy, after 4 months of pregnancy the abortion is prohibited by law and is considered infanticide.

Abortion may have these effects on female body:
-death – the most serious effect of the abortion caused by hemorrhage, infection, embolism, anesthesia that often appears after the abortion, because the abortion is an unnatural process;
-uterine perforation – this happens more often to the woman who already had given birth and to the women who make general anesthesia. This usually remains undiagnosed and untreated may cause problems to future pregnancies and later may cause hysterectomy, or even osteoporosis.
-placenta previa – the abortion increases the risk of placenta previa this may cause fetal malformation, perinatal death and excessive bleeding during pregnancy.
-pelvic inflammatory disease – is sometimes a threat of the woman’ life and can increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy or even infertility;
-ectopic pregnancy;
-lower general health;
-handicapped newborns in later pregnancies;
-cervical laceration  - lesser laceration or micro fractures in long term may cause reproductive damage, subsequent cervical incompetence, premature delivery and labor complications.
-cervical cancer – abortion may cause cervical cancer, because during the abortion is produced a unnatural disruption of the hormonal changes and cervical damages which remain undiagnosed and untreated.
Believe it or not a relatively simple procedure like an abortion may have all of these multiple and complex effects on the women body, it affects the current state of health, as well as the future. But let’s return to the main article question: can abortion cause cervical cancer? the studies show that a woman who had an abortion (induced or spontaneous) had increased the risk of having cervical cancer with 2.3 than a woman who hasn’t had an abortion. The study also shows the fact that the cervical cancer is increased to the women who give birth and each birth increases the possibility of having cervical cancer. The specialists think that the connection between abortion and cervical cancer is related to the fact that after the abortion the cervix and the uterus may be affected.

In order to o avoid as much as possible the disastrous effects attributes on body, if you decide to do an abortion consult a specialist area for intervention to be made in legal circumstances.

We will be talking about these 3 most common types of cancer.Let’s start with lung cancer:

Imaging Techniques

These techniques allow to carry out a thorough examination of tissues, organs and bones. Images can also be an abnormal accumulation of fluid or swollen lymph nodes.These tests are usually painless and requires no anesthesia.
Sputum Cytology
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Samples of phlegm expelled by the lungs (sputum) is examined under a microscope to detect the presence of cancer cells.
Biopsy

A biopsy is usually necessary to establish with certainty a diagnosis of cancer. This procedure involves removing cells from the body and examined microscopically. If the cancer cells turn out, we can deepen the analysis. There are several types of biopsy.

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The fine needle aspiration biopsy uses a thin needle to aspirate a small amount of fluid or cells from the lungs or nearby lymph nodes. If necessary, the doctor will use ultrasound imaging or CT to guide the needle into the suspicious area.
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A thoracenthèse is practiced in the case of accumulation of pleural fluid between the lungs and chest cavity. The area under review will be desensitized in advance using a local anesthetic.The doctor will insert a long needle between the ribs to suck the liquid that is then analyzed.The doctor will insert a long needle between the ribs to suck the liquid that is then analyzed.
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Bronchoscopy allows examination of the trachea and major airways leading to the lungs using a thin, flexible tube (bronchoscope), with a light at the end. The bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or throat to the lungs. You will receive a mild sedative and a local anesthetic to numb the area under consideration. If the doctor observes something unusual, it may take some samples of tissue through a bronchoscope. You'll probably have a sore throat after the examination, but it is a normal effect that will disappear after a day or two.
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A mediastinoscopy is necessary when necessary to examine the tissues and lymph nodes surrounding the trachea. The doctor makes a small incision at the base of the neck and inserts a thin, flexible tube to collect tissue samples. This examination requires general anesthesia.
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We perform a thoracoscopy in the case of lung tumors that can not be verified by bronchoscopy, or involving the pleura. The doctor makes a small incision in the chest wall and inserts an instrument called a thoracoscope into the chest between two ribs. This technique allows to directly inspect the chest cavity, through the thoracoscope. The doctor may need to collect tissue samples by performing additional small incisions in the chest wall. Thoracoscopy requires general anesthesia.
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At thoracotomy, the surgeon makes a long incision to open the chest and examine the bodies there. Tissue samples can then be taken, and some lymph nodes removed.Thoracotomy requires general anesthesia is not used this procedure only if no other diagnostic test did not provide conclusive results.

Blood Tests

Using samples of your blood, it verifies the amount and appearance of different types of blood cells. Other blood tests can indicate how your organs function normally and help to confirm or refute the diagnosis of cancer.
Additional examinations

If the initial diagnostic tests show that you have lung cancer, your doctor may want you to have other imaging tests or other tests to see if the cancer has spread.

We will be talking about these 3 most common types of cancer.Let’s start with lung cancer:

Lung cancer forms in cells of the lung. The lungs are located in the chest on either side of the heart. The right lung has three main sections, called lobes. The left lung, a little smaller, has two:. The lungs are lined with a thin protective membrane called the pleura. It consists of two layers of fabric or 'sticky' one covering the lung surface and the other along the inside wall of the chest cavity. A small amount of fluid (pleural fluid) is trapped between two layers of the pleura.
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The lungs are involved in breathing. The air inhaled through the nose and throat down the length of the trachea. The trachea divides at its extremity into two ducts, the left and right bronchi, which carry air to each lung. Inside the lungs, bronchi divide into ducts becoming smaller and then take the name of the bronchioles. Each bronchiole ends in a cluster of tiny air sacs, called alveoli. The role of the cells is to capture oxygen from the air we breathe to pass the blood, which then circulates in all parts of the body. These are also the cells that remove carbon dioxide from the blood, which is expelled from the lungs during expiration.

There are two main types of lung cancer:

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Lung cancer is non small cell form of lung cancer the most common. It develops more slowly than small lung cancer cells.
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The small lung cancer cells grow rapidly and often spreads to other parts of the body.

Each type of lung cancer evolving specifically, the treatment will be different depending on the case.

A rare form of cancer, mesothelioma, is often mistakenly called lung cancer. Pleural mesothelioma starts in the pleura, but it is a very different illness from cancer forming in the lung.

A diagram showing parts of the respiratory system

A rare form of cancer, mesothelioma, is often mistakenly called lung cancer. Pleural mesothelioma starts in the pleura, but it is a very different illness from cancer forming in the lung.

Smoking is the leading cause of lung cancer. People who live or work with smokers are also at increased risk because of their exposure to secondhand smoke.

Other factors that increase the risk of lung cancer are:

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exposure to asbestos and other substances such as arsenic or drinking water containing high concentrations of arsenic, chromium and nickel, especially among smokers;
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exposure to radon gas;
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personal history of lung cancer;
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family history of lung cancer;
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pollution.

Lung cancer can sometimes grow in the absence of all these risk factors.

After checking your medical history and you have examined, your doctor may suspect the presence of lung cancer. To confirm the diagnosis, your doctor will use some analysis, which will also establish the "stage" of cancer

Cancer of the cervix in figures

Eighth cancer in women in western European countries, cancer of the cervix affects nearly 3 400 women each year and nearly 1 in 000 die during the same period. See the info on cancer cancer of the cervix uteri in Europe and worldwide.
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Originally infectious cancer is characterized by a slow evolution that is characterized by the appearance of curable precancerous lesions, but not in all the cases.Sometimes the cancer evolves quickly . As a result, cancer is a preventable condition to use a regular Pap smear screening, a technique not yet available in the countries development.
A very common cancer in developing countries , because the people do not have acces to proper medical care , or routine pap smears.

Cancer of the cervix originates from persistent infection with HPV, cancer of the cervix is globally the second most common cancer in women (after breast cancer) worldwide with 493 000 new cases and 274 000 deaths estimated in 2002.
These figures are dominated by countries developing, which account for 83 percent of new cases.There is a great inequality of distribution by country for the benefit of industrialized countries.There are 2.5 new cases and 100 000 women in Israel against 55 out of 100 000 women in Zimbabwe. Indeed, in industrialized countries, hygiene conditions and the onset of screening cervical smear (FCU) has significantly reduced the incidence and mortality associated with this disease.
The cervical cancer in figures

In the European Union in 2004, it has been estimated at 30 400 the number of new cases of cancer of the cervix (ninth female cancer) and 13 500 deaths (twelfth place) due to cancer .
In France, cancer of the cervix is the eighth female cancer in new cases, with 3 387 cases estimated in 2000. In 2002 cancer of the cervix was the fifteenth largest female deaths from cancer with 904 deaths. However, the prognosis for these cancers remains bleak: the relative survival at 5 years in France is 67.8%. The number of cases and deaths per year steadily decreased between 1978 and 2000.
In 2000, new cases of cancer of the cervix increased from 20 years with a peak among women aged 40 years, followed by a decrease up to 50 years. Mortality is very low in women under 70 years (less than 5 deaths per 100 000 women), it then increases steadily to 15 deaths per 100 000 among women aged 85 and over.

Marketing, reimbursement and recommendations concerning the recent vaccine against papillomavirus infections could contribute to the reduction of cancer of the cervix uteri. But it will still be some years before we can assess the benefits of these products.

The Pap test is a simple and rapid procedure to detect changes in cells of the cervix. The test is performed in physicians' offices, and it can cause some discomfort, it should not be painful.

It is preferable to perform the test at mid-cycle (10 to 20 days after the onset of menstruation).
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During the 48 hours before your Pap test:

* Avoid douching;

* Unless otherwise directed by your doctor, do not use any drug or contraceptive (spermicide) vaginal, either as a cream, foam or jelly, as these products may hunt or hide abnormal cells.

For about 24 hours before your Pap test:

* Avoid having sex.

At your doctor

Using a small wooden spatula, your doctor gently scrape the surface of the lower part of the cervix to collect cells. A special brush called cytobrush will collect cells from the upper neck, leading to the uterus. The cells are then spread on a glass slide and the sample sent to a laboratory where it will be examined microscopically.

If the results indicate a change or abnormality, other tests may be performed, including:

* Another Pap test;

* Colposcopy;

* Biopsy.

Practiced regularly, the Pap test can detect anomalies or changes in the cervix before a cancer develops there. Most abnormal findings are associated with precancerous problems, it is easy to identify and treat successfully.
Reduce your risk of cancer

Reduce the risk of cancer is to act concretely in order to prevent the onset of the disease. Your lifestyle so that your living environment or work may have a positive or negative effect on this risk. It must, however, that even someone as "low risk" may possibly have cancer, just as a person "high risk" will never be reached.

Low risk does not mean you'll never have cancer, but it is unlikely that you're reaching. High risk means that the probability of developing cancer are greater but not absolute.

The cancer is not attributable to one cause, but some factors may increase the risk that a person is reached. This is called risk factors. Some risk factors are impossible to change, for example:

* Age;
* Family history of cancer (heredity).

Some risk factors are associated with daily habits you can change. For example, you can make the following choices:

* Do not smoke and avoid tobacco smoke;
* Adopt a healthy diet;
* Make physical activity daily;
* Maintain a healthy weight;
* Limit your alcohol consumption;
* Reduce your exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial tanning devices, such as tanning beds;
* Know your body and report any changes to your doctor or dentist;
* Follow the rules of health and safety when using hazardous products at home or at work.

What is the cervix?
The cervix is the lower part of the uterus, one that is in contact with the vagina. At each milestone in the life of the woman (puberty, childbirth, menopause, etc..), The cervix undergoes changes. At the junction between the outer cervix (ectocervix) and the inner part (endocervix), is a very fragile area. In general in this area that most cancers of the cervix is déclenchent4.
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Cervix

What can cause cancer of the cervix?
Unlike many other cancers, cancer of the cervix is caused by a virus, called Human Papillomavirus (HPV). There are many types of Human Papillomavirus. Most are harmless and are responsible for minor illnesses. But some can cause abnormal cells in the cervix. If these abnormal cells are not detected early, they can evolve into cancer. In most cases, the cancer process takes about ten years.. However, sometimes the cancer develops in a reduced time frame.
Now that you know the origin of cancer cervix, do know the people around you who might be affected.


You've never heard of Human Papillomavirus? You're not alone. Although these viruses are common, many people know nothing or very little about them. Human Papillomavirus affect both men women. Mostly these viruses cause no symptoms and disappear in only a few months.But in some women, infection with these viruses can persist. There is a risk of developing lesions may develop into cancer of the cervix.

What are the different types of Human Papillomavirus?
There are over 200 types of papillomavirus infecting the skin and muscles. Most of them result in benign lesions, such as those at the origin of skin warts growing on his hands and pieds8. In most cases, the immune system enough to eliminate these viruses.

Approximately 40 types of Human Papillomavirus concern particularly the area of the genitals.Among them, some types cause genital ailments at the cervix but also of the vulva and vagina.
Types of Human Papillomavirus can be classified into 2 groups:

* Types called "high risk" can cause the development of abnormal cells on the cervix, which may evolve cancer.
* Types called "low risk" can cause genital warts, and mild abnormalities in the cervix, but without risk of progression to cancer27.

Human Papillomavirus are very common: 70% of the sexually active population will be in contact with a Human Papillomavirus during his vie11, 12, 13. It affects both men and women is transmitted through intimate genital contact. Anyone having had sexual intercourse or genital contact with an intimate partner bearer of Human Papillomavirus can be infected.

Regarding the age of contamination, it has been shown that most people contract a human papillomavirus during their adolescence or early in their sexual life (between 15 and 24) 10.

Condoms, though very effective protection against sexually transmitted infections, does not provide total protection against papillomavirus .Although the Human Papillomaviruses are common, they are fortunately eliminated naturally by the body in 90% of cases.However, sometimes they persist in the mucous membranes and can then cause damage in the short, medium or long terme.

It is a cancer involving a sexually transmitted virus: HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). Some so-called human papillomavirus oncogenes induce non-benign lesions such as warts, papillomas or warts, while types called "oncogenes" are responsible for cancer of the cervix.
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The HPV virus is found in 99.7% of cancers of the cervix uterus2, they are considered a necessary cause of cervical cancer. Women are exposed to HPV from their very first sexual intercourse, with or without penetration. Over 50% of them will contract one or more HPV infections during their life.

However, a large majority (70%) of these infections are transient, because viruses are generally eliminated by the phenomenon of "natural clearance" of women.. Unfortunately, some women, HPV infection persists and may develop into precancerous lesion, intraepithelial, can lead, years later, cancer. Cancer develops into effect in stages over a period ranging from 5 to 15 years, which starts after persistent infection with oncogenic HPV, mainly related to HPV types-16 and HPV-18.
All sexually active women are likely to be infected with an oncogenic HPV and condoms can not protect themselves completely from this infection because HPV is present throughout the genital area. Thus, a simple skin contact and / or mucus in the genital area may be sufficient to transmit HPV.

To avoid cancer of the cervix, it is necessary to conduct a screening test regularly. It is recommended that a Pap smear every three years for women aged 20-25 to 65 years after two normal smears a year apart.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

Worldwide, cancer of the cervix is the 2nd most common cancer in women with more than 500 000 new cases estimated in 2005. This is the 1st cause of cancer death in women. In 2005 he led nearly 260 000 deaths, almost 95% in countries developement5.

In the European Union, where many countries have established a screening program for cervical cancer, the disease is still the 9th most common cancer women with nearly 30 400 new cases estimated in 2004. Mortality is estimated at 13 500 deaths each year (twelfth position in women) 5.

According to the National Cancer Institute, cancer of the cervix has declined consistently since 1978. In Europe, it is the 10th most common cancer in women frequency, with 3068 estimated cases for 2005 and 15th overall by his death in 1067 with 20,055 deaths estimated.

SYMPTOMS

No clinical signs are associated with precancerous lesions caused by HPV infection at the cervix. These lesions are not painful and does not give rise to bleeding. In rare cases they can be visible at speculum examination performed by the physician.

At the stage of cancer, clinical signs may be totally absent, especially early in the disease.Sometimes, cancer of the cervix can occur by spontaneous pain and / or bleeding during sexual intercourse.

At the stage of invasive cancer if the tumor is large, they compress the adjacent organs and may show signs of urinary or with frequent desire to urinate, or difficulty in urination or fecal problems with for example the presence of constipation.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Currently, prevention of cervical cancer through regular screening for cervical precancerous lesions and cancer caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). In the absence of screening and treatment, cancerous lesions can become cancerous tumors that develop locally first and then secondarily invade other body parts.

The HPV vaccine has emerged very recently and for young girls before the onset of sexual activity or at the latest during the first year of sexual life. If the vaccine reduced the risk of contamination, their protection is not absolute and therefore provides no way of screening.

This is some info about the human papilloma virus or HPV.We must understand that all women come in contact with it at least once in their lives.In rare cases the infection caused by the virus can become cancer ( malignant neoplasm ).

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Cancer of the cervix and HPV infection - Cancer of the cervix is the long-term consequence of an infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are over 100 genotypes of HPV. Fifteen of these papillomavirus, known as high risk or oncogenes are associated with the development of cancer of the cervix uteri. The transmission occurs through contact with skin and mucous membranes, most often during sex, with or without penetration. Therefore, the condom, it can limit their contact with the virus, can not provide complete protection.

HPV infection is very common and is acquired mostly in the five years following the first sexual intercourse. In most cases, infection is transient and is eliminated naturally in 1 to 2 years after sexual contamination. But in 10% of cases, the infection persists and can cause abnormalities (lesions) in the cells of the cervix, these lesions can themselves evolve into cancer.

There are several stages of precancerous lesions (called CIN 1, CIN 2, CIN 3), may regress to a cervical normal persist or even develop into cancer of the cervix. This cancer is on average fifteen to twenty years to develop after the persistence and progression of HPV infection in high risk, which leaves a significant window of action for screening and early detection of precancerous lesions and cancer .

Two modes of action exist:  The vaccination used preventively, that is to say, before contact with the virus. There are two vaccines currently marketed in France: a bivalent vaccine for protecting said against HPV genotype 16 and 18 and a quadrivalent vaccine protects against HPV types 6,11, 16 and 18.The High Council of Public Health recommends preferably, in its opinion of December 14, 2007, the quadrivalent vaccine.

The population targeted by this vaccine consists of:  girls 14 years before exposure to the risk of HPV infection
girls and young women 15 to 23 years who have not had sex or, later in the year following the start of sexual life. This vaccination does not protect 100% against cancer of the cervix and does not replace the Pap smear screening. These two actions are complementary.

Screening is essential because of the partial protection of HPV vaccination. It is based on a cervical smear performed every three years for women 25 to 65 years (after the first two normal smears performed one year apart). From 25 years, all young women, whether vaccinated or not, should benefit from screening swabs.

Some info that will help you prevent cervical cancer. Definition - Anatomically the uterus and vagina are joined together by the neck. The surface of the cervix consists of an epithelium that is to say roughly two cell layers (superficial and deep separated by what is known as histology (study of cells) a basal lamina. The process of the cancer cell layers may occur, it is a question of epithelioma.

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Sometimes the basal lamina is not affected. In this case it is only the epithelial cells that are modified surface. This is called d 'Epithelioma intraepithelial, epithelial nvasif or pre-cancer stage 0 (carcinoma in situ of specialists). When the basal lamina is exceeded the connective tissue located below is reached, it is in this case of invasive cancer . Between the outer cervix is called the ectocervix and interior: the endocervix, the branch is fragile and often place of carcinogenesis also.

Symptoms
In some cases there are no symptoms. Through systematic examination of the neck for a gynecological checkup or under medical supervision of a woman who had a history such as polyps, ulcers or other, the identification of cervical cancer of the uterus is possible. In all other cases the patient presents the following signs:

* Loss of blood called bleeding usually caused by sexual intercourse or intimate toilet
* Leucorrhœa that is to say, vaginal discharge that is painless

Medical tests
These are the cervical (removal of cells of the cervix uteri using a special brush) sometimes associated with colposcopy (direct visualization of the cervix after insertion of a vaginal speculum) which allows biopsy c that is to say, the removal of the mucosa (layer of cells covering the cervix) suspicious of cancer. The Bethesda classification includes: Quality of levy 1) Satisfactory for evaluation 2) Satisfactory for evaluation but limited for some reason it should be noted. 3) Unsatisfactory for evaluation (give reason) Diagnosis

* The smear is normal: it presents benign cellular changes due to infection (herpes, trichomoniasis, mycosis, actinomycosis) or because of inflammatory changes, secondary to the insertion of an IUD or radiation among others.
* The smear shows abnormal epithelial cells (cells lining the inside of the uterus) because there is the presence of Malpighian cells (cell type of the mucous cell lining of the uterus). The abnormal epithelial cells has 4 types:
A) the cell type Malpighian whose meaning is not accurately determined (ASCUS) B) the lesion squamous epithelial low grade, which includes HPV (infection with human papilloma virus) and potentially cancer requiring consideration of sexual partner, mild dysplasia (slight modification of cells) and CIN 1.

The CIN 1 is the presence of condyloma (small skin tumors that sits on the genitals and anus). C) lesion of the Malpighian cells of grade 2 with a moderate to severe changes of these cells (CIN 2, CIN 3) D) Squamous cell Malpighi: the term covers 80% of cancers. A carcinoma is a malignant (cancerous) that grows at the expense of coating tissue, like skin or mucous membranes. Abnormalities of glandular cells (cells that secrete products) are of two types: A) abnormalities not typical of cells of these glands whose meaning is known (AGUS) adenocarcinoma (glandular cancer) of which must specify the site: endocervical (inside the neck of the uterus), endometrial (at 'inside the uterus itself), extra-uterine (outside the uterus), unspecified.