Oat Cell Lung Cancer
Published on Jun 12 2010, in the categories: Cells
Worldwide as well as in the US, lung cancer is the one of the most common malign diseases for both sexes and accounts for more deaths than colon, prostate and breast cancer put together. As far as women are concerned, contrary to popular belief, more women die of lung cancer than of breast cancer though breast cancer is indeed more frequent. The estimated numbers of annual new diagnosed cases of lung cancer has been about 210,000 out of which about 150,000 are cases expected to result in death. Lung cancer can be of two types: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer, also known as oat cell lung cancer. The later one accounts for about 13% of all lung cancer cases after having accounted for up to 25% in the past.
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Oat cell lung cancer is considered to be distinct from non-small cell lung cancer in that it has different clinical and biological characteristics. It can easily be recognized also by its much more aggressive behavior. This type of cancer grows and spreads faster to distant parts of the body but it is also very sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation therapy but is most of the time considered inoperable.
Oat cell lung cancer start in peribronchial locations and attack the bronchial submucosa and are associated with very fast metastasis usually spreading to the lymph nodes, liver, bones, and brain. Though it attacks your body much faster early diagnosis of oat cell lung cancer is still possible if you carefully monitor your health. The stage of the cancer remains the most important factor for deciding survival no matter the type of the cancer. Unfortunately about 65%-70% of the patients diagnosed with small cell lung cancer are diagnosed with disseminated advanced cancers. These are considered to be incurable and the median survival is only 6 weeks. A diagnosis of a localized tumor increases the survival duration to 12 months. These figures apply only to cases where the cancer is left untreated. However, intensive treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy can have a great impact on the cancer. If having been undergoing chemo and multimodality therapy, patients with a limited disease have a median survival duration of 20 months and a 2-year survival rate of 45%. The 5 year survival rate can also reach 20%. For patients diagnosed with extensive cancer the median survival duration drops to 12 months and the 2 year survival rate to 4,6%.
Symptoms can vary mostly depending on the stage and not so much on the type of cancer. Symptoms of oat small cell cancer can include fatigue, weight loss, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, hoarseness, dysphagia and wheeziness. Since it can metastize very quickly you might also experience symptoms from secondary tumors from other parts of the body. Brain metastasis can lead to neurological dysfunctions, bone metastasis to bone pain and liver metastasis to abdominal pain.
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Oat cell lung cancer is considered to be distinct from non-small cell lung cancer in that it has different clinical and biological characteristics. It can easily be recognized also by its much more aggressive behavior. This type of cancer grows and spreads faster to distant parts of the body but it is also very sensitive to chemotherapy and radiation therapy but is most of the time considered inoperable.
Oat cell lung cancer start in peribronchial locations and attack the bronchial submucosa and are associated with very fast metastasis usually spreading to the lymph nodes, liver, bones, and brain. Though it attacks your body much faster early diagnosis of oat cell lung cancer is still possible if you carefully monitor your health. The stage of the cancer remains the most important factor for deciding survival no matter the type of the cancer. Unfortunately about 65%-70% of the patients diagnosed with small cell lung cancer are diagnosed with disseminated advanced cancers. These are considered to be incurable and the median survival is only 6 weeks. A diagnosis of a localized tumor increases the survival duration to 12 months. These figures apply only to cases where the cancer is left untreated. However, intensive treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy can have a great impact on the cancer. If having been undergoing chemo and multimodality therapy, patients with a limited disease have a median survival duration of 20 months and a 2-year survival rate of 45%. The 5 year survival rate can also reach 20%. For patients diagnosed with extensive cancer the median survival duration drops to 12 months and the 2 year survival rate to 4,6%.
Symptoms can vary mostly depending on the stage and not so much on the type of cancer. Symptoms of oat small cell cancer can include fatigue, weight loss, cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, hoarseness, dysphagia and wheeziness. Since it can metastize very quickly you might also experience symptoms from secondary tumors from other parts of the body. Brain metastasis can lead to neurological dysfunctions, bone metastasis to bone pain and liver metastasis to abdominal pain.
Symptoms Of Cervical Cancer
Published on Mar 10 2010, in the categories: Causes, Cells, Facts, HPV, Signs, Stages of disease, diagnosis
HPV Symptoms, Testing and Diagnosis - How to tell if your child has contracted HPV? It is a test for HPV that can detect strains of high-risk HPV DNA in cells of the body. But this test is not included in testing for STIs regularly because it is not widely available. Currently, the test is usually used only in rare circumstances, or when a doctor recommends it or when results of Pap smear of a woman are abnormal. Many parts of Canada do not test all and can not be covered by your insurance plan health, you may have to pay $ 90 to have it done.
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It is likely that your child will get HPV during their lifetime, but he does not know and have absolutely no problem. Most of the time, HPV goes away on its own. Being infected with HPV does not mean that the infected person is ill. Most people who contracted HPV has no signs or symptoms.
However, there are certain types of HPV low risk that can cause genital warts, which can appear several weeks and sometimes months after sexual contact. In rare occasions the virus can persist, especially the types of high risk HPV, and can cause precancerous lesions and cancer. In girls who become sexually active, the Pap test is the most effective way to detect early signs of abnormalities and precancerous cells on the cervix.
Why is the Pap smear is important? - A young woman should undergo their first Pap test within three years after her first sexual contact, then every two years thereafter. The Pap test is the only way to detect abnormal cells in the cervix. Abnormal cells detected by the Pap test to your daughter may be a harbinger of cancer and the risk that they turn into cancer. We can treat the abnormal cells successfully at this stage because the progression to cancer takes many years, sometimes up to 10 years.
In women, the types of high risk HPV can infect cells of the vagina, vulva and cervix, or areas that are not seen. These lesions are considered a precancerous condition and can be detected by a test of Pao. A young girl who contracted the HPV types of high risk will not affect the cervical cancer, since it takes years to develop. If your daughter is undergoing her first Pap test within three years after his first sexual contact, and she submits to it regularly thereafter, abnormal cells will be detected by early screening.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
It is likely that your child will get HPV during their lifetime, but he does not know and have absolutely no problem. Most of the time, HPV goes away on its own. Being infected with HPV does not mean that the infected person is ill. Most people who contracted HPV has no signs or symptoms.
However, there are certain types of HPV low risk that can cause genital warts, which can appear several weeks and sometimes months after sexual contact. In rare occasions the virus can persist, especially the types of high risk HPV, and can cause precancerous lesions and cancer. In girls who become sexually active, the Pap test is the most effective way to detect early signs of abnormalities and precancerous cells on the cervix.
Why is the Pap smear is important? - A young woman should undergo their first Pap test within three years after her first sexual contact, then every two years thereafter. The Pap test is the only way to detect abnormal cells in the cervix. Abnormal cells detected by the Pap test to your daughter may be a harbinger of cancer and the risk that they turn into cancer. We can treat the abnormal cells successfully at this stage because the progression to cancer takes many years, sometimes up to 10 years.
In women, the types of high risk HPV can infect cells of the vagina, vulva and cervix, or areas that are not seen. These lesions are considered a precancerous condition and can be detected by a test of Pao. A young girl who contracted the HPV types of high risk will not affect the cervical cancer, since it takes years to develop. If your daughter is undergoing her first Pap test within three years after his first sexual contact, and she submits to it regularly thereafter, abnormal cells will be detected by early screening.
Cervical Cancer Injections
Published on Mar 03 2010, in the categories: Cells
Some info on cervical cancer
- Cancer of the cervix is caused by viruses, HPV is extremely common and usually benign.
- Very few HPV infections lead to cancer.
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- From the beginning of sexual activity, any person meeting of HPV that are transmitted through sexual contact but also through simple skin contact
- Precancerous lesions of the cervix are between 5 and 12 years to develop after contact with virus
- The development of cancer of the cervix can be prevented by a routine Pap smear screening every two or three years between 25 and 65
- The currently available vaccines only protect against a small number of viruses (4 100)!
- Vaccination does not protect against the development of cancer but only against some viruses.
- The vaccine side effects long term are unknown.
- Even vaccinated women need to prevent cervical cancer, using smear testing every 2 to 3 years between 25 and 65.
Conclusion:
Vaccination against certain HPV is now possible for women who want it and it is not essential for the prevention of cervical cancer is already done by smear screening, as vaccination is neither necessary nor sufficient to prevent cervical cancer and its adverse effects as long term are unknown, it is reasonable to ask whether this vaccination is useful or even desirable ... In any case, there is nothing criminal or dangerous not to be vaccinated and not to vaccinate their daughters ...
If you want more information on 1 cervical cancer, 2 smear, HPV 3 ° and 4 ° immunization, read on.
Cervical cancer
Cancer of the cervix: What is it exactly?
The cervix is the opening of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It is through this hole that sperm entering the uterus to go to meet a potential oocyte to fertilize. The cervix, which is both part of the uterus and vagina, bringing to the surface of both cells that form the wall of the vagina, and cells that form the inner wall of the uterus or the endometrium. The two sides meet in a "junction zone, where cells are born without ever becoming either vaginal cells or endometrial cells. The junction zone is a zone of rapid cell activity. Some of these cells grow and multiply so sometimes = abnormal cells are precancerous. If they are not eliminated by the natural defenses of the organisms or destroyed by appropriate treatment, they can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and become invasive cancer.
What causes cancer of the cervix?
Today, we know that the No. 1 cause of cancer of the cervix is a family of viruses called HPV or Human Papilloma Virus (human papillomavirus).
I say "family" because there are dozens of HPV. Among the 100 "subtypes" HPV known, a few are responsible for cervical cancers, particularly subtypes 16 and 18.
But HPV is not the only factor promoting cervical cancer, there are others (which rarely precise).Cervical cancer is enhanced by:
- Age (the maximum frequency is around 60 years).
- Cigarette consumption (it increases the risk by two.
- Multiple sexual partners
- The first sexual intercourse at an early age
- The HIV infection, which lowers immunity (and perhaps sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by Chlamydia)
- Multiple pregnancy
- Use the combined pill (estrogen + progestin) for more than 5 years (but it does not justify stopping your pill, because the risk of becoming pregnant is much higher than that of contracting cancer of the cervix the uterus, and because the pill for eight years lowers the overall risk of cancer among its users by reducing the risk of ovarian cancer, in particular ...)
- Cancer of the cervix is caused by viruses, HPV is extremely common and usually benign.
- Very few HPV infections lead to cancer.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
- From the beginning of sexual activity, any person meeting of HPV that are transmitted through sexual contact but also through simple skin contact
- Precancerous lesions of the cervix are between 5 and 12 years to develop after contact with virus
- The development of cancer of the cervix can be prevented by a routine Pap smear screening every two or three years between 25 and 65
- The currently available vaccines only protect against a small number of viruses (4 100)!
- Vaccination does not protect against the development of cancer but only against some viruses.
- The vaccine side effects long term are unknown.
- Even vaccinated women need to prevent cervical cancer, using smear testing every 2 to 3 years between 25 and 65.
Conclusion:
Vaccination against certain HPV is now possible for women who want it and it is not essential for the prevention of cervical cancer is already done by smear screening, as vaccination is neither necessary nor sufficient to prevent cervical cancer and its adverse effects as long term are unknown, it is reasonable to ask whether this vaccination is useful or even desirable ... In any case, there is nothing criminal or dangerous not to be vaccinated and not to vaccinate their daughters ...
If you want more information on 1 cervical cancer, 2 smear, HPV 3 ° and 4 ° immunization, read on.
Cervical cancer
Cancer of the cervix: What is it exactly?
The cervix is the opening of the uterus that opens into the vagina. It is through this hole that sperm entering the uterus to go to meet a potential oocyte to fertilize. The cervix, which is both part of the uterus and vagina, bringing to the surface of both cells that form the wall of the vagina, and cells that form the inner wall of the uterus or the endometrium. The two sides meet in a "junction zone, where cells are born without ever becoming either vaginal cells or endometrial cells. The junction zone is a zone of rapid cell activity. Some of these cells grow and multiply so sometimes = abnormal cells are precancerous. If they are not eliminated by the natural defenses of the organisms or destroyed by appropriate treatment, they can invade and destroy surrounding tissue and become invasive cancer.
What causes cancer of the cervix?
Today, we know that the No. 1 cause of cancer of the cervix is a family of viruses called HPV or Human Papilloma Virus (human papillomavirus).
I say "family" because there are dozens of HPV. Among the 100 "subtypes" HPV known, a few are responsible for cervical cancers, particularly subtypes 16 and 18.
But HPV is not the only factor promoting cervical cancer, there are others (which rarely precise).Cervical cancer is enhanced by:
- Age (the maximum frequency is around 60 years).
- Cigarette consumption (it increases the risk by two.
- Multiple sexual partners
- The first sexual intercourse at an early age
- The HIV infection, which lowers immunity (and perhaps sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by Chlamydia)
- Multiple pregnancy
- Use the combined pill (estrogen + progestin) for more than 5 years (but it does not justify stopping your pill, because the risk of becoming pregnant is much higher than that of contracting cancer of the cervix the uterus, and because the pill for eight years lowers the overall risk of cancer among its users by reducing the risk of ovarian cancer, in particular ...)
Cervical Cancer Cells
Published on Feb 28 2010, in the categories: Cells
Cervical cancer cells
Unlike many other cancers, the leading cause of cervical cancer is not the bloodline of your family (heredity) .Indeed, it is still a virus that is causing this cancer. This virus is called human papilloma virus or (HPV) for short . This virus is capable of transforming normal cells of the lining of the cervix in cells abnormal. These cells may in a few cases, then become cancerous.
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There are many types of human papillomavirus. Most are harmless, but others may be more virulent and cause, for example, cancer of the cervix.
Infection with human papillomavirus or HPV is a virus that is transmitted sexually often, since seventy percent of women who have sex come into contact with the virus at one time or another in their life .
The virus is usually eliminated by the immune system, however it might escape it . When not removed, they persist within the cells of the cervix: this phenomenon is called a persistent infection.
When a woman is infected with certain type of the human papilloma virus and her body can not get rid of the infection, mutated cells can grow on the walls of the cervix.If these abnormal cells are not detected early, they can progress into cancer. In most cases, this process can take several years. However, in rarer cases, sometimes the cancer develops in a extremely short time..
It is the persistence of infectious types of the virus that are high risk may cause the alteration of the cervical cells of the uterus and their mutation into cancer cells . This process usually takes place over a period of about ten to twenty years, although in rare cases, the progression may be rapid.
The strange cellular changes occur in the cervix. In the absence of support for the most serious injuries, such changes may evolve to the stage of malignant cells.
Fortunately, the immune system of the body eliminates in most cases the infection cause by the human papiloma virus or HPV, although every woman realizes she has been infected at some point in her sexually active life.
However, some types of HPV named high risk, involved in the development of cervical cancer of the uterus, may persist at the cervix and cause, with time, development of cancer of the cervix uteri . If this occurs, there are usually no symptoms during these early stages preceding the stage of cancer cervix.
Infected cells in the cervix may gradually change to become abnormal and malignant. A process that usually takes years unless it is identified and treated as soon as possible. At these pre cancerous stages, the smears of the cervix have proved their importance in detecting early cellular changes resulting from infection with HPV and cancer is more and more often being prevented rather than cured .And that is a good thing because cervical cancer and the HPV are usually very beatable when detected early.
Unlike many other cancers, the leading cause of cervical cancer is not the bloodline of your family (heredity) .Indeed, it is still a virus that is causing this cancer. This virus is called human papilloma virus or (HPV) for short . This virus is capable of transforming normal cells of the lining of the cervix in cells abnormal. These cells may in a few cases, then become cancerous.
<-336x280 Large Rectangle - center->
There are many types of human papillomavirus. Most are harmless, but others may be more virulent and cause, for example, cancer of the cervix.
Infection with human papillomavirus or HPV is a virus that is transmitted sexually often, since seventy percent of women who have sex come into contact with the virus at one time or another in their life .
The virus is usually eliminated by the immune system, however it might escape it . When not removed, they persist within the cells of the cervix: this phenomenon is called a persistent infection.
When a woman is infected with certain type of the human papilloma virus and her body can not get rid of the infection, mutated cells can grow on the walls of the cervix.If these abnormal cells are not detected early, they can progress into cancer. In most cases, this process can take several years. However, in rarer cases, sometimes the cancer develops in a extremely short time..
It is the persistence of infectious types of the virus that are high risk may cause the alteration of the cervical cells of the uterus and their mutation into cancer cells . This process usually takes place over a period of about ten to twenty years, although in rare cases, the progression may be rapid.
The strange cellular changes occur in the cervix. In the absence of support for the most serious injuries, such changes may evolve to the stage of malignant cells.
Fortunately, the immune system of the body eliminates in most cases the infection cause by the human papiloma virus or HPV, although every woman realizes she has been infected at some point in her sexually active life.
However, some types of HPV named high risk, involved in the development of cervical cancer of the uterus, may persist at the cervix and cause, with time, development of cancer of the cervix uteri . If this occurs, there are usually no symptoms during these early stages preceding the stage of cancer cervix.
Infected cells in the cervix may gradually change to become abnormal and malignant. A process that usually takes years unless it is identified and treated as soon as possible. At these pre cancerous stages, the smears of the cervix have proved their importance in detecting early cellular changes resulting from infection with HPV and cancer is more and more often being prevented rather than cured .And that is a good thing because cervical cancer and the HPV are usually very beatable when detected early.