Cervical Cancer And Uti

Published on Apr 30 2010, in the categories: Uncategorized

Cervical cancer represents an abnormal development of cervix cells. The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that communicates with the vagina. The cervical cancer is the second most common disease in the world that affects million of women all over the world.

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UTI or urinary tract infection - the urinary tract represents the body's filtering system that has the role of removing liquid wastes. Different types of bacteria, may invade the urinary tract and multiply resulting in an infection. Women are especially susceptible to urinary tract infection because their urethral opening is near the source of bacteria. The risk of contacting a UTI increases to women who are newly sexually active or to women who have a new intimate partner.
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The causes of the urinary tract infection are:
<li>the urethra is shorter on women and the bacteria travels more easily;
<li>if the bladder is not emptied completely;
<li>diabetic and pregnant women are more susceptible to develop this affection;
<li>the presence of stones or tumor in the urinary tract;
<li> urinary catheters and nephrostomy tubes may also cause urinary tract infection.
The most common symptom of urinary tract infection is the frequent and strong urge to urinate without any delay, frequently accompanied by burning sensation during urination. Bladder infection has stronger symptoms manifested with back pain and fever. Often the UTI manifests on women like a pressure above the pubic bone, and on men like a sensation of fullness in the rectum.
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The urinary tract infection may also have the fallowing symptoms:
<li>the unpleasant sensation of urinating without being able to do so;
<li>the urine has a cloudy color and unpleasant smell;
<li> the urine may contain blood;
<li>unpleasant urinary incontinence;
<li>pain on sides below the ribs.
The treatment of UTI include antibiotics, but the type and the duration of the treatment depends on the type of bacteria that caused the infection. After the treatment is finished is recommended to do a urine test, to see if the bacteria disappeared.
The more severe cases of UTI caused by ladder outlet obstructions may necessitate surgery. Before this type of surgical intervention the patient should not drink coffee, alcohol or smoke, drinking plenty of water and fluids is strongly recommended.
Doctors advise people to wash their rectum, vagina and the area between daily. After a bowel movement or urination wipe correctly the area from front to back. Not to resist the urge to urinate. To avoid using cosmetic products like bubble gel and scented feminine products, because it may irritate the urethra.
The women reproductive system may be affected by many and various infections and diseases such as: yeast infections, bacterial vaginosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian cysts, chronic pelvic pain, fibroids, cervical cancer and UTI.
Some of these issues that threaten the reproductive health are mild and may be treated easily, unfortunately the diseases that threaten the reproductive health of women may have severe consequences on women and may cause even death.
The best way to treat any of these reproductive health problems is to prevent and the best way to do so is by having a healthy lifestyle and doing regular medical check ups.

Children Shots For Cervical Cancer

Published on Apr 28 2010, in the categories: diagnosis

In the UK was started a program against the cervical cancer. This program has 2 main ways to reduce the number of diagnosis of invasive cervical cancer and death caused by the cervical cancer
-HPV vaccination program - for young girls with ages between 12 years old and 18 years old
-NHS cervical screening program – applicable for women with ages between 25 years old and 64 years old, in order to detect and treat early abnormalities of the cervix cells. This program involves 100.000 medical staff doctors, nurses, laboratory staff and 4 million women are screened each year across England territory.
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Cervical vaccine or HPV vaccine – protects young girls and young women against the Human Papilloma virus the maim cause of the cervical cancer disease. This vaccine save women lives and protects women against the second disease that causes women deaths all over the world. It also saves women of expensive and unpleasant and long time treatment, that have though effects on women body. HPV or Human papilloma virus represents a family of almost 200 different types of virus and is the main cause of producing cervical cancer and besideall that if they don’t produce cancer have unpleasant effects on woman such us: genital warts, plantar warts and common warts. This is a sexual transmitted virus that affects both men and women and most women will be exposed to this virus on their lifetime It also causes other types of cancer, mainly cancers of the vagina, anus, vulva, head and neck. Women should protect themselves from this extremely dangerous virus by taking regular Pap smear test at the age of 21 or 3 years after they started their sexual activity, by using condom during sexual intercourse and general by leading a healthy lifestyle. The doctors created a new vaccine that can protect women of against the Human Papilloma virus types that cause 70% of cervical cancer.
This vaccine is made for:
-for all 11 years and 12 years girls, even for girls of 9 years;
-this vaccine should be done before first sexual contact, but it may still be done by women between 13 years and 26 years who are sexual active;
-the vaccine in recommended for girls and young women with ages between 13 years and 26 years who haven’t been vaccinated before. The decision to vaccinate the women over19 years until 26 years should be taken after discussing with her healthcare practitioner the risk of previous HPV exposure and the benefit of this vaccine.

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The vaccine against HPV vaccination is recommended especially for girls and young women who haven’t started the sexual activity, because it means that they haven’t been exposed to HPS virus. The beneficiaries of the maximum efficiency of the vaccine are girls and women who have never been infected with the Human Papilloma virus. The women who are sexual active may beneficiate of the vaccine, but they may get less benefit from the vaccine, because the already might been exposed or infected with one or more types of HPV covered by the vaccine. The vaccine is given into the arm or thigh 3 times: at the first visit, two months after and 4 months after the second time. The studies made until now on the new vaccine against the cervical cancer show that is extremely safe, doesn’t contain any live viruses and the side effect may be: redness and soreness on the place where the shot has been made, headaches, fever. This vaccine will be studied and monitored to see if it may cause other side effects.

Jade Goody What Are The Causes Of Cervical Cancer

Published on Apr 28 2010, in the categories: diagnosis

Jade Goody was a young reality TV woman who became famous during the third series of Big Brother in 2002 in England by revealing startling lack of general knowledge. She was born on 5 June 1981 in England. After her participation to the Big Brother show, Jade Goody remained in the attention of the public in the newspapers and glossy magazines and took part to a series of “fly on the wall” programs. In 2007, she caught the attention of the public being accused of racism and bulling against the Bollywood famous actress Shilpa Shetty. Another subject that provided very often material for the English tabloid newspapers was her stormy relationship with the TV presenter and fellow reality star Jeff Brazier. Their relationship lasted two years and Goody gave birth of two baby boys Bobby of 5 years and Freddie of 4 years.
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In August 2008, she was diagnosed with cervical cancer in stage 4. The case of the young women was widely publicized through her struggle with the cervical cancer. In February 2009 she got another hit from this cruel disease, the doctors told her that the cervical cancer has spread and affected her liver and bowel. Jane Goody has metastatic, the cancer spread from the cervix, form where it first started and spread to other parts of the body. Sometimes the metastatic cancer can be controlled to prolong the life of the patient, but is almost impossible to get free, to become healthy from this disease.

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The studies show that, only 15% to 30% of the women diagnosed with cervical cancer in stage 4 will live longer than 5 years. The metastatic cervical cancer affects in different ways the body of each woman. Sometimes chemotherapy may be affective, sometimes radiotherapy may be affective and in other cases the surgery can be helpful. Jane Goody attended in 2007 the Pink Ice Ball Cancer Research. On 22 march 2009 she died after a intense struggle with the cervical cancer. She died at her home in Upshire, Essex at 3.14 a.m. after 2 days of coma. She had her mother beside her, her boyfriend and a family friend. The England Prime Minister, Gordon Brown stated that he is deeply saddened and he described Jade Goody as a courageous woman. Jade Goody wanted to fire a warning on the extreme consequences of the cervical cancer and since she was diagnosed with this disease she wanted to involve the media to set an example.
Jade Goody public diagnose led many women to find out more information about the cervical cancer: causes, symptoms, stages, treatments, etc. Because of this unfortunate case many women went to the doctor and attended the screening program and done the Pap smear test. This is a tragic and unfortunate case, Jade Goody a young women with a bright future in front of her and two young children of 5 years and 4 years dies because of this cruel disease. Maybe many women who find out about her case should fallow a simple rule in order to prevent those unfortunate cases to happen: go to the doctor for a Pap smear test or a screening. Everybody will remind her as being a young, beautiful, brave and strong women, who wanted to fire a warning about the merciless condition called cervical cancer.

Beating Cervical Cancer In The UK

Published on Apr 27 2010, in the categories: Useful info

The first step that has to be done in order to prevent and beat the cervical cancer in the UK and in the hall world is an information campaign. A morbid statistic shows that a woman dies in the world at every two minutes because of the cervical cancer. The best way to treat the cervical cancer is to have a healthy lifestyle, to eat healthy food, to start the sexual activity after the age of 18, to not have many sexual partners, to use condom during the sexual intercourse to prevent contacting a sexual transmitted virus, to stop smoking. Other ways to prevent the cervical cancer are to do the Pap smear test, to do cervical screening. The best way to treat the cervical cancer is to prevent it.
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Cervical screening – is a method of prevent cancer by detecting and treating early abnormalities, it doesn’t represent a test for cancer. The abnormal cells if remain untreated will lead to cervical cancer. The first step in the screening process is to take a sample using Liquid based Cytology (LBC). This procedure is done by the doctor or nurse by inserting a speculum to open the vagina and with the help of a spatula will remove a cells sample from the area of the cervix. This procedure is not painful, but may be a little bit uncomfortable. The diagnose in early stage and treatment prevent around 75% the developing of the cervical cancer.

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Early detection and treatment can prevent 75 per cent of cancers developing but like other screening tests, it is not perfect. It may not always detect early cell changes that could lead to cancer. As nothing is perfect in this world, the screening may not always detect abnormal changes of the cervix cells. HPV vaccination program – a program that began in September 2008 by offering the vaccine to all girls with ages between 12 to 18 years old. This program was continued with an accelerated catch up program announced to start from December 2008 and will include also the girls born on or after 1 September 1990. This program started in 2008 will not have immediate effects over the incidence of the cervical cancer. The results will be seen many years after the start of this program.

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NHS cervical screening program – is created with the main purpose to reduce the number of women diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and the number of women who die because of the cervical cancer. This program can be done by regularly screening the women at risk , with ages between 25 years old and 64 years old, in order to prevent the development into final stages of the cervical cancer. This program screens around 4 million women in England each year and involves over 100 thousand persons from the medical staff that include doctors, nurses, and laboratory staff.
The priority of this program are:
-Set a correct procedure for screening of cervical cancer in the country;
-Identify policy issues and improve the communication within the programme and women.
Those measures taken in order to prevent the women mortality caused by the cervical cancer are very efficient, but unfortunately those kind of complex medical programs may be done only in developed countries that have an organized medical system. All the respect and consideration for the medical staff and for the people who work on this programme.

Cervical Cancer Test

Published on Apr 26 2010, in the categories: diagnosis

The cervix is the lowest part of the uterus, forms an opening between the uterus and the vagina. The causes of the cervical cancer are: smoking, early start of the sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, the use of the oral contraceptive for a longer period of 5 years, compromised immune system, especially women with HIV. The main cause of the cervical cancer is represented by the human papilloma virus. Human papilloma virus is a sexual transmitted virus. People may by infected with this virus without knowing, because they don’t present any symptoms. Human papilloma virus is classified in 200 types, some of the viruses types may cause warts and disappear without any treatment, but other viruses types may lead to cancers of the cervix, vulva and anus.
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Human papilloma virus is considered to be the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. In many cases human papilloma virus disappear on its own, but if it doesn’t disappear it causes changes of the cervix cells. The Pap smear test is the most accurate test that may diagnose the abnormality of the cells before they turn into cervical cancer. The Pap smear test is simple test that can be done in the doctor’s office. It is a simple procedure done by the doctor or a nurse by removing cells from the area of the cervix to be tested at the medical lab for any abnormality of the cells. In some cases, the cervix cells in a woman may change and became abnormal. The abnormal form of the cells may not be cancerous, yet. But, left untreated they may transform into cancer cells.

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All the doctors advise women to do regularly the Pap smear test in order to diagnose the cervical cancer in early stages and to increase the chances of healing more easily. The Pap smear test detect all the changes caused by human papilloma virus to the cells of the cervix. The Pap smear test doesn’t detect many sexually transmitted diseases. Before you go to the doctor and do the Pap smear test you should know a few things: don’t douche 24 hours before, don’t use vaginal medicines or creams. This procedure cannot be done if you are in the period time. After this procedure the cells from the cervix are send to a medical lab for investigations and the result of the procedure will come back in 1 or 2 weeks.
The result of the Pap smear test may be:
-normal or negative (witch means that the cervix cells are normal)
-abnormal or positive (it doesn’t necessary mean that you have cancer, it means that the doctor should do more tests that will reveal if the abnormality of the cells is cancer or not).
The Pap smear test should be done at 3 years after starting the sexual life or at 21 years old, or 1 or 3 year after the age of 35. The women should stop doing the Pap smear test after the age of 65 or if they had a total hysterectomy and had both uterus and cervix removed. The Pap smear test is not expensive, in some cases this procedure is free or low cost. Every women should realize the importance of the Pap smear test, it is an extremely important, not painful procedure that may do the difference between severe disease and health, or between life and death. Listen to the doctors advice and do the Pap smear test regularly.

Cervical Cancer In Situ

Published on Apr 26 2010, in the categories: diagnosis

Many people are terrified when they hear about cervical cancer. From my point of view, the state institutions, the health organizations, the hospitals should advertise more materials through witch the women to find out useful information and statistic about the cervical cancer. They should be informed on any aspect regarding the cervical cancer: causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, stages, traditional treatment, alternative treatment, prevention, statistics and so on. In order to prevent and prevent the death of a woman at each 2 minutes the women should be informed about how to prevent this disease. The doctors should advise women to do the Pap smear test as regular as necessary from two main reasons: first, to diagnose the disease and second, if you do the test at least once a year the disease will be diagnosed in early stages. As soon as you diagnose the cervical cancer as much chances of fully recovery there are. It is very important to diagnose in early stages.
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Carcinoma in situ (CIS) represents an early stage of the cervical cancer characterized by the absence of invasion of surrounding tissues of the cervix. Meaning, the neoplastic cells multiply in their normal habitat, as the name tells it all "in situ" is translated in English as "in its place". Because of that carcinoma in situ doesn’t usually form a tumor, usually it forms a flat wound in the cervix, or develops as the form of the cervix, but there are cases when the carcinoma in situ forms tumor.
A common form of cancer is the invasive carcinoma originated by a carcinoma in situ lesion, because of that carcinoma in situ is considered to be a precursor or incipient form of cancer, that’s the reason why, if is left untreated for a long period of time may degenerate in a malignant neoplasm. Because of the big potential of carcinoma in situ to become an invasive carcinoma, the doctors recommend the patients to remove it completely. The carcinoma in situ is treated usually as a malignant tumor.

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Carcinoma in situ is considered to be stage 0 in the evolution of cervical cancer.
When we talk about cervical cancer and cancer in general we first have to talk about 3 steps towards the cancer witch are:
-Dysplasia - is the first form of abnormal cells recognizable in a biopsy. Dysplasia can be divided in low grade dysplasia or high grade dysplasia. The risk of low-grade dysplasia to transform into cancer is low.
-Carcinoma in situ – is the same thing as high-grade dysplasia in most organs that it affects. It is a high risk of transforming into cancer if is left untreated.
-Invasive carcinoma - is considered to be cancer, is the most advanced stage in this sequence If left untreated will invade the cervix and even cause death.
The cervical cancer is in many cases caused by cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion The term carcinoma in situ is used for the cervix and cervical cancer, but the term advanced stage of squamous intraepithelial lesion is used as synonym. This lesion is detected with the Pap smear test. The best and more of the used treatment for carcinoma in situ is the removal. The removal is the best way to stop developing it into cancer.

Cervical Cancer During Pregnancy

Published on Apr 24 2010, in the categories: Pregnancy issues

As we know, the cervical cancer is the development of abnormal cells in the cervix area. The cervix is the opening of the uterus that communicates with the vagina. This disease has a long term development and symptoms of the cancer may appear only in the terminal stages of the disease. But, in some cases the development of the cervical cancer may happen in less then 12 months. Cancer is a disordered and unpredictable development of abnormal cells. If the cervical cancer is diagnosed in early stages then it may be treated with real chances of curing, but if the cervical cancer is diagnosed in terminal stages the chances of curing decrease.
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When a woman is pregnant, and when an abnormal Pap smear test is obtained the evaluation is modified. In general the pregnancy and the cervical cancer problem have no effect one to another. But, in the same time, during the first trimester of the pregnancy the cervix should not be manipulated or to have done a biopsy, because the risk of a miscarriage is about 20%. In some cases, even if the biopsy had been taken and the unfortunate miscarriage happened, the biopsy might not been the cause of the miscarriage.

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During the pregnancy, there is no urgency to diagnose a pre cancerous or first stage condition, but is imperative to exclude or diagnose an invasive cancer. This diagnosis may be obtained through a procedure that will exclude biopsy, called colposcopic examination. The premalignant condition may wait to be treated until 6 weeks after the birth of the baby, but in some cases the biopsy must be done, so this intervention may be done in the early second trimester because is the proper period for eliminating the risk of a miscarriage. If the invasive cervical cancer is diagnosed during the pregnancy, the treatment is the same as for the cervical cancer patients who aren’t pregnant. Except the fact that, the treatment should be delayed until the baby is proper developed, all his organs are developed and functional and the woman may deliver the baby. This happens usually in the 32 and 36 pregnancy weeks. Cervical cancer diagnosed during the pregnancy is represented by rare cases. Sometimes doctors have a difficult task because there aren’t very much information regarding the delaying of the treatment for the cervical cancer.

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In the end the final decision concerning starting the treatment or not during the pregnancy is yours, but first it is best that you have opinions from different specialist doctors. The best plan to prevent this situation, to be pregnant and in the same time to be diagnosed with cervical cancer, no matter its stage, could be prevented by taking the Pap smear test at least once a year. And before you get pregnant both future parents should do a full range of medical analysis, in order to prevent unfortunate things. The specialists say that during the pregnancy the cancerous cells located into the cervix are no more aggressive than to the women who aren’t pregnant.

Progression Of Cervical Cancer

Published on Apr 23 2010, in the categories: Useful info

The cervical cancer is the cancer that affects woman of different ages and races from all over the world. This disease starts its developing in the cervix, the part of the uterus that opens to the vagina. This type of cancer develops in time, doesn’t have any symptoms until the disease gets to a more developed stage and if is not diagnosed in early stages it will spread and affect the surrounding areas. The causes of the cervical cancer are represented by, the most common the sexual transmitted virus human papilloma virus, excessive smoking, multiple sexual partners, starting the sexual life at an early age, having a sexual intercourse with a partner that has other partners, abortions, using birth control pills for a period of 5 or more years without interruption, other sexually transmitted virus. The cervical cancer makes victims all over the world, 500.000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and more than 270.000 women die, worldwide at every 2 minutes a woman dies.
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Forecast mortality caused by cervical cancer is frightening, by 2050 there will be approximately 1 million new cases of cervical cancer every year worldwide. 10% of the women who are infected with cancer causing virus type develop abnormal and precancerous cells change, also known as dysplasia. About 8% ( approximately 8.000 women) of the women who are diagnosed with dysplasia will develop early cancer confined and 1.600 of them will develop invasive cancer. The progress of the disease form the stage of cancer causing virus infection to the stage of cervical cancer develops in many years.
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There is not a standard process or period of time of witch doctor may say about the cervical cancer. Usually the disease develops in many years, but in some cases the disease may evaluate in less than 12 months. The cancer forms by abnormal cells of different sizes and shapes and begin to multiply.
Cervical dysplasia – describes the early growth of the abnormal cells into the cervix, witch may or may not develop in cancerous cells.
The precancerous conditions are:
-CIN I – mild dysplasia
-CIN II – moderate dysplasia
-CIN III – severe dysplasia
Without treatment severe dysplasia will cause in time invasive cervical cancer.
The cervical cancer has 4 stages and is classified in the first stages by the dimension of the tumor and in the advanced stages by the amount of the tissue and organs affected.

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Stage I - divided in IA in this stage the tumor has small dimensions and it cannot be seen on microscope and IB, in this stage the tumor has a relatively small dimension and it can be seen with the naked eye;
Stage II – divided in IIA and IIB, in this stage the cancer had spread beyond the cervix, but not to the pelvic wall;
Stage III – divided in stage IIIA and IIIB, in this stage the cancer had spread to the vagina and to the pelvic wall;
Stage IV – divided in stage IVA and IVB, in this stage the cancer had spread and affected other organs located in the cervix area bladder, rectum, liver, etc.
The cervical cancer is unfortunately a global disease that affects more and more women each year. The best way to diagnose in incipient stages is to do regular the Pap smear test.
Every 2 minutes a women dies somewhere in this world because of the cervical cancer.

Cervical Cancer Proctoscopy

Published on Apr 22 2010, in the categories: Treatments

Before starting to talk about proctoscopy, let’s see first some elementary information about the cervical cancer. The cervical cancer is the disease characterized by many abnormal cells that grow in the cervix and create tumors. This disease also affects the female reproductive system. The cervix cancer cells are at the beginning thin, flat and squamous localized on the surface of the ectocervix. 90% of cervix cancer cells are squamous cell carcinomas. The cervix is the opening to the uterus. It varies in diameter from 1 mm to 3 mm depending on what phase of the menstrual cycle when there is measurement. The cervix is sometimes covered with cervical mucus to protect from infection, during ovulation the mucus becomes a thin fluid to permit the passage of sperm.
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The cervical cancer is the second most common disease that affects the women all over the world. The first test that may detect abnormal cells into the cervix is the Pap smear test. The result of the test shows if the women has cervical cancer and the stage of the cancer and if she doesn’t have cervical cancer. The proctoscopy procedure is done in the advanced stages of the cervical cancer, when the disease has evolved and the abnormal cells have spread beyond the cervix. The proctoscopy is an examination of the rectum ( a 8 inch muscular tube that connects the large intestine (colon) to the anus the opening of the intestine that leads put of the body) using a proctoscope a special metal or plastic scope. Other diseases that can be diagnosed through the poctoscopy procedure are: the evaluation of abnormal results of a barium enema, to investigate causes of rectal bleeding, to check a possible return of rectal cancer ( to patients who have treated cancer). The doctor will offer specific instructions to the patient and will probably tell him to use a day before the procedure or even at his office an enema (medication that is inserted into the rectum to clean the bowel).

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The proctoscopy is done at the clinic and first the doctor will insert gently a gloved finger into the anus of the patient to verify for tenderness or blockage, second the doctor will insert gently the lubricated proctoscope into the rectum and will pump air slowly to expand the rectum, third the doctor will insert a special instrument to remove growth or take a tissue sample, a biopsy. After the procedure is finished, the doctor will gently withdraw the proctoscope. The biopsy will be tested more detailed to a microscope to see if the tissue sample taken from inside the rectum has abnormal cells. The procedure is not a painful one, but some patients want local anesthesia. This procedure may last between 5 and 15 minutes and may have a little bit embarrassing noisy air escaping through the anus, but in this situation this is normal and expected. The connection between cervical cancer and proctoscopy is very unfortunate because the doctor recommends this procedure only when he suspects that the cancer had spread and affected the cells of the rectum.

Mirena Cervical Cancer

Published on Apr 22 2010, in the categories: Facts

Mirena – is a contraceptive intrauterine system that contains levonorgestrel, the active ingredient. This intrauterine system is inserted into the womb like any other contraceptive coil. After the insertion into the womb the levonorgestrel is released into the uterus. Levonorgestrel represents the female sex hormone progesterone, but in a synthetic form. This ingredient has the role to increase the thickness of the natural mucus from the neck of the uterus and this way the sperm gets difficult to get trough the vagina into the uterus to fertilize a egg and the pregnancy is very unlikely to appear.
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The levonorgestrel has the fallowing roles also:
-to prevent the womb lining from thickening every month to receive the fertilized egg ( this way the fertilized egg, if the fertilization had taken place, are prevented to implant itself into the wall of the uterus.
-to prevent the release of an egg from the ovary.
This intrauterine system may be considered to have double contraceptive effect, in the first place because of the levonorgestrel the ingredient from its components and in the second place because of the device itself because it has the same role as a normal copper coils. The proper period to insert the mirena into the womb is the first five days of the menstrual cycle of the women. Mirena can be used for contraception, for idiophatic menorrhagia ( to women who present abundance or prolonged menstrual period), as a protection against overgrowth of the womb lining for women who take hormone replacement therapy after the menopause.

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Before the mirena is inserted into the women’s womb, the women should have a detailed gynaecological examination ( in order to determine the size and position of the womb, if the woman isn’t pregnant, if she has infections or if she has sexually transmitted diseases) , breasts exam. After the implantation of the mirena the women should do another gynecological exam after 6 months. The insertion and removal of this contraceptive system can be painful and may cause bleeding and if those symptoms persist you may do a gynaecological examination, because the device might of perforated the wall of the womb. If you experience lower abdominal pain, recurrent pelvic infection or inflammation of the womb lining or a recurrence of the menstrual bleeding if your period had stopped you should consult the doctor or even have it removed.

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Some women may get pregnant while having the mirena inserted in the womb and she will have to remove it. The mirena doesn’t protect sexual partners against sexually transmitted infections so the partners should use a condom also. The doctors don’t recommend the use of the mirena in fallowing cases:
-abnormalities of the womb;
-inflammation of the cervix;
-abnormal tissue in the cervix;
-vaginal bleeding from unknown causes;
-genital infections;
-pregnancy;
-disease of the arteries, stroke or heart attack;
-liver cancer
-leukaemias
-uterine fobroids
-uterine cancer
-cervical cancer
Mirena and cervical cancer are not compatible. Doctors don’t recommend the use of the mirena for women who are awaiting treatment for cervical cancer, who had cervical cancer or who have abnormalities in the womb or who have abnormal tissue in the cervix. Mirena is not recommended either to patient who have leukaemia, liver cancer, breast cancer, etc.